Bending Analysis of Two Directional Functionally Graded Beams Using A Four-Unknown Shear and Normal Deformation Theory

The bending behaviour of two-directional functionally graded beams (fgbs) subjected to various sets of boundary conditions is investigated by using a shear and normal deformation theory and the symmetric smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ssph) method. a simply supported conventional fgb problem is studied to validate the developed code. the comparison studies are performed along with the analytical solutions and the results from previous studies. the numerical calculations in terms of maximum dimensionless transverse deflections, dimensionless axial and transverse shear stresses are performed for various gradation exponents, aspect ratios (l/h) and sets of boundary conditions. the effects of the gradation exponents on the accuracy and the robustness of the ssph method are also investigated for the two directional functionally graded beams which are having clamped-free boundary condition.