energy efficiency assessment and optimization of solar organic rankine cycle for combined heat and power generation for a residential building: case study of baghdad city, iraq

Solar organic rankine cycle (sorc) is a successful approach to sustainable development and exploiting clean energy sources. the research aims to improve and evaluate the energy efficiency of the sorc for combined heat and power generation for a residential home under the climatic conditions of baghdad, iraq. thermoeconomic analysis was carried out for the proposed energy supply system. refrigerant hfc-245fa was used as a working fluid in a solar organic rankine cycle, and oil poly alkyl benzene (tlv-330) was suggested as a heat transfer fluid in the solar collector field. parametric studies for some key parameters were conducted to examine the impact of various operating conditions on energy efficiency. the results showed a significant improvement in energy efficiency. the maximum efficiency of sorc chpg reached 79.14 % when solar heat source temperatures were in the range of 100 to 150 °c and the solar radiation was at a maximum value of 870 w/m2 at noon on the 15th day of july in baghdad. the maximum energy produced by sorc chpg was 472.5 kw when the optimal average value of global solar radiation was 7.5 kwh/m2/day in june. the economic investigations revealed that the payback period of the new energy supply system was 10 years with the positive net present cost when the solar power plant was working 18 h/day.