تدوین مدل ساختاری کیفیت زناشویی براساس الگوهای ارتباطی با میانجیگری پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر

زمینه و هدف: کیفیت زناشویی‌، مفهومی‌ پویا است‌ که در خلال زمان تغییر می‌کند؛ این امر امکان‌ شناسایی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر کیفیت رابطه‌ را‌ فراهم می‌آورد. باتوجه به شکاف پژوهشی در مطالعات پیشین دربارهٔ نقش میانجیگر پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر در رابطهٔ بین الگوهای ارتباطی و کیفیت زناشویی، پژوهش حاضر باهدف تدوین مدل ساختاری کیفیت زناشویی براساس الگوهای ارتباطی با میانجیگری پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر انجام شد.روش‌بررسی: روش پژوهش، تحلیلی از نوع همبستگی و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعهٔ آماری پژوهش را تمامی زنان متاهل مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاورهٔ شهر تهران در سال 1401 تشکیل دادند که از بین آن‌ها 397 نفر به‌روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، مقیاس کیفیت زندگی زناشویی-فرم تجدیدنظرشده (باسبی و همکاران، 1995) و مقیاس پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر (ریس و همکاران، 2017) و پرسش‌نامهٔ الگوهای ارتباطی (کریستنسن و سولاوی، 1984) به‌کار رفت. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نسخۀ 22 نرم‌افزارهای spss و amos صورت گرفت.یافته‌ها: بررسی ضرایب مسیر مستقیم نشان داد، الگوی ارتباط سازندهٔ متقابل (β=0/39 ,p<0/001) و الگوی ارتباط توقع/کناره‌گیری (0٫001>p، 0٫24-=β) و الگوی ارتباط اجتناب متقابل (β=-0/20 ,p<0/001)دارای رابطهٔ مستقیم معنادار با کیفیت زناشویی بودند. ضرایب مسیر غیرمستقیم مشخص کرد، الگوی ارتباط سازندهٔ متقابل، رابطهٔ غیرمستقیم معنادار (β=0/14 ,p<0/001) و الگوهای ارتباط توقع/کناره‌گیری (0٫014=p، 0٫10-=β) و ارتباط اجتناب متقابل (β=0/17 ,p<0/001) رابطهٔ غیرمستقیم معنادار با کیفیت زناشویی به‌واسطهٔ پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر داشتند. تمامی شاخص‌های برازش مدل از برازش پذیرفتنی مدل ساختاری با داده‌های گردآوری‌شده حمایت کردند ((rmsea=0/07 ,cfi=0/93 ,agfi=0/94 ,gfi=0/94 ,cfi=0/94 , χ^2^/df=2/79). نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، الگوهای ارتباطی با میانجیگری پاسخ‌گویی ادراک‌شدهٔ همسر با کیفیت زناشویی رابطه دارند.

developing a structural model of marital quality based on communication patterns with the mediation of spouse's perceived responsiveness

abstractbackground & objective: various factors, such as individual, communication, and external factors, affect the marital quality of couples. communication problems are a fundamental issue in family-related communication approaches. another factor affecting the marital quality of couples is the spouse’s perceived responsiveness. the responsiveness the spouse perceives increases emotional expression in relationships, reduces conflict, and strengthens intimacy between couples in marital relationships. conversely, in an unresponsive atmosphere, there is a learned helplessness with depression. considering the importance that the perceived responsiveness of the couples has on the marital quality, and also keeping in mind that increasing efficient and effective communication patterns in marital relationships can help improve the quality of couples’ marital relationship, the present study was conducted to develop a structural model of marital quality based on communication patterns with the mediation of spouse’s perceived responsiveness.methods: the research method is analytical of correlational type and structural equation modeling. the statistical population of the research included all married women referred to counseling centers and psychological services under the supervision of the psychology and counseling organization of iran in tehran city in 2022. for sampling, 13 counseling centers in 8 districts of tehran were referred. the samples in the present study were recruited by available sampling. the size of the statistical sample was estimated to be 350 people, taking into account the number of parameters estimated in the conceptual model of the research, but to prevent the drop of participants, 400 married women completed the questionnaires, 3 cases were removed due to not completing the questionnaires, and finally, the questionnaires of 397 samples were analyzed. the inclusion criteria include female gender, being married, being 30-50 years old, education with at least a diploma, at least 3 years of cohabitation, the absence of severe mental disorders, and the absence of psychiatric drug use in the past year (based on the contents of the file available at the counseling center) were considered. the exclusion criterion was not answering more than 10% of the questionnaires (7 questions). revised dyadic adjustment scale (busby et al., 1995), spouse’s perceived responsiveness scale (reis et al., 2017), and communication patterns questionnaire (christensen & sulawi, 1984) were used to collect data. the structural equation modeling method and version 22 of spss and amos software were used for data analysis. results: examining the coefficients of the direct path showed that the pattern of mutual constructive communication (p<0.001, β=0.39), the communication pattern of withdrawal/expectation (p<0.001, β=-0.24), and the pattern of mutual avoidance (p<0.001, β=-0.20) had significant direct relationships with marital quality. also, the coefficients of the indirect path showed that the constructive communication pattern had a significant indirect relationship (p=0.001, β=0.14) and the withdrawal/expectation (p=0.014, β=-0.10) and mutual avoidance communication patterns (p<0.001, β=-0.17) had significant indirect relationships with marital quality with the mediation of the spouse’s perceived responsiveness. also, the fit indices showed that the hypothesized model fits the measurement model (x2/df=2.79, cfi=0.94, gfi=0.94, agfi=0.94, nfi= 0.93, rmsea=0.07). conclusion: based on the present research findings, communication patterns are related to the mediation of the spouse’s perceived responsiveness with marital quality. it seems that the perceived responsiveness of the spouse through neutralizing the negative consequences and increasing the emotions, negative affection, and constructive attitude of people towards each other in the interactions is always an influential factor in the marital quality of the couple. according to the results of the present study, it is suggested that marriage counselors and family therapists should pay attention to the key role of spouses’ perceived responsiveness in premarital counseling and in predicting the quality of couples’ relationships, as well as in the field of family education and individual counseling in increasing the quality of couples’ relationships.