تعیین مدل ارتباط بین کارکرد خانواده، عملکرد زناشویی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شدهٔ مادران با میزان کودک‌آزاری آنان با میانجیگری تنظیم هیجانی در دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی

زمینه و هدف: به‌نظر می‌رسد تمدن ماشینی امروز زمینهٔ بروز آسیب‌های فردی و اجتماعی بیشتری را برای نسل بعدی فراهم کرده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مدل ارتباط بین کارکرد خانواده و عملکرد زناشویی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شدهٔ مادران با میزان کودک‌آزاری آنان با میانجیگری تنظیم هیجانی در دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی انجام شد.روش‌بررسی: تحقیق حاضر از نوع طرح‌های همبستگی و با روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعهٔ آماری پژوهش را والدین (مادران) دانش‌آموزان شهر کرمان در سال تحصیلی 98-1397 تشکیل دادند (8950=n). حجم نمونه در پژوهش حاضر براساس تعداد متغیرهای پژوهش (280=n) در نظر گرفته شد. روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای بود. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به‌کمک پرسش‌نامهٔ تنظیم شناختی هیجان (گارنفسکی و کرایج، 2006)، پرسش‌نامهٔ کارکرد خانواده مک‌مستر (میلر و همکاران، 1985)، پرسش‌نامهٔ عملکرد زناشویی انریچ (نسخهٔ سلیمانیان، 1373)، پرسش‌نامهٔ حمایت اجتماعی شربورن و استوارت (شربورن و استوارت، 1991) و پرسش‌نامهٔ کودک‌آزاری محمدخانی (محمدخانی، 1394) صورت گرفت. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای spss نسخهٔ 19 و آموس استفاده شد. سطح معناداری 0٫05 بود.یافته‌ها: نتایج بررسی نشان داد، مدل اولیه برازش مطلوب با داده‌ها ندارد؛ اما مدل اصلاح‌شده باتوجه به شاخص‌های cfi=0/96 ,nfi=0/94 ,gfi=0/93 و 0٫07=rmsea دارای برازش مطلوب با داده‌ها است؛ همچنین براساس یافته‌های پژوهش عملکرد زناشویی با اثر مستقیم (p=0/009 , β =0/140) و اثر غیرمستقیم (p=0/24 , β =0/071) و درمجموع با اثر کل (p=0/05 , β =0/213)، حمایت اجتماعی با اثر مستقیم (p=0/682 , β =0/474) و اثر غیرمستقیم (0٫225-=β، 0٫007=p) و درمجموع با اثر کل (p=0/05 , β =0/692) و کارکرد خانواده با ضریب مسیر غیرمستقیم (p=0/007 , β =0/181) روی کاهش رفتارهای کودک‌آزاری تاثیر معنا‌دار دارد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج مشخص کرد، تنظیم هیجانی نقش میانجی‌گرانهٔ معناداری در ارتباط بین حمایت اجتماعی و کارکرد خانواده و عملکرد زناشویی با میزان کودک‌آزاری دارد.

determining the relationship model between family function, marital functioning, and perceived social support of mothers with their child abuse mediated by emotional regulation in primary school students

abstractbackground & objective: child abuse is defined as actions that have destructive physical and mental effects on the child’s body and soul. child abuse plays an important role in children’s behavior and significantly affects their behavior. the physical effects of child abuse may appear immediately, but they also have a long–term impact on the family and social life of individuals. however, it is very difficult to separate the various aspects of child abuse. neglected children have lower academic achievement, and abused children have more disciplinary problems at school. abused children with less academic achievement are more likely to fail and perform worse on iq tests. today, machine civilization seems to have provided the ground for personal and social harm to the next generation. the present study was conducted to determine a relationship model between family function, marital functioning, and perceived social support of mothers with their child abuse mediated by emotional regulation to provide a model in primary school students.methods: the method of the present study was correlational with structural equation modeling. the statistical population of the study was the parents of mothers of students in kerman city, iran, in the academic year 2018–2019 (n = 8950). sampling in the present study was performed in two parts: normative screening (n = 160) and model review (n = 280). the sampling method was a multi–stage cluster using the list received from the kerman education administration. then, four primary schools were selected from the primary schools in kerman. next, 70 students from each primary school were randomly selected using the list received from the primary school principals. afterward, the study questionnaires were sent to their parents so that they could complete them. data collection tools were the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (garnfsky et al., 2002), family performance questionnaire (stein et al., 1997), enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire (soleimanian edition, 1994), sherborn & stewart social support questionnaire (sherborn & stewart, 1991) and mohammad khani child abuse questionnaire (mohammad khani, 2013). to perform the inferential analysis and fitting model with the maximum likelihood estimate, fit indices and amos and spss version 19 were employed. the fit indices of χ2 (<3), gfi (>0.90), agfi (>0.90), cfi (>0.90), and rmsea (<010) represent the suitable fit of the model. also, the mediator and indirect effect in the proposed model were examined by the preacher and hayes statistical method (α=0.05).results: the study showed that the initial model did not fit the data well. however, the modified model showed a good fit with the data considering the indices gfi (0.93), nfi (0.94), cfi (0.96), and rmsea (0.07). also, based on the study findings, the marital functioning with direct effect (β =–0.140, p=0.009), indirect effect (β=–0.071, p=0.024), and overall with the total effect (β=–0.213, p=0.05) has reducing effect in child abuse behaviors. also, the social support with direct effect (β=–0.474, p=0.682) and indirect effect (β=–0.225, p=0.007), and on the whole with the total effect (β=–0.692, p=0.05) has reducing effect in child abuse behaviors. finally, the family function with the indirect path coefficient (β=–0.181, p=0.007) reduces child abuse behaviors. conclusion: based on the findings of the present study, emotional regulation is an essential mediator in reducing child abuse behaviors. therefore, it is suggested that in families where interactions and dynamics within the family are disrupted, training courses and interventions based on emotion self–regulation should be used to improve positive emotion regulation strategies to reduce the likelihood of child abuse behaviors.