تعیین اثربخشی روایت‌درمانی بر کیفیت زندگی زناشویی و دلبستگی زوجین ناتوان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاورهٔ شهر اصفهان

مقدمه: اگر زندگی زناشویی وضعیت مساعدی را برای ارضای نیازهای روانی زوج‌ها فراهم نکند، اثرات منفی به‌جا می‌گذارد. اختلال‌های روانی، افسردگی و خودکشی ازجمله پیامدهای این مسئله است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی روایت‌درمانی بر کیفیت زندگی زناشویی و دلبستگی زوجین ناتوان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاورهٔ شهر اصفهان بود.روش‌بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع طرح تک‌موردی بود. جامعهٔ آماری پژوهش را تمامی زوج‌های ناتوان (درحل مسائل زناشویی) مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز و کلینیک‌های روان‌شناسی شهر اصفهان در سال 1398 تشکیل دادند. از میان آن‌ها باتوجه به ملاک‌های ورود و خروج، به‌صورت دردسترس و هدفمند سه زوج به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و مداخلهٔ روایت‌درمانی را دریافت کردند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های تحقیق، پرسش‌نامهٔ کیفیت زندگی (روابط) زناشویی (فلچر و همکاران، 2000) و مقیاس تجدیدنظرشدۀ دلبستگی بزرگسال (کولینز و رید، 1990) به‌کار رفت. شرکت‌کنندگان مداخلهٔ روایت‌درمانی را به‌صورت هفته‌ای یک جلسه و به‌مدت دوازده جلسه دریافت کردند. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و به‌منظور بررسی اثربخشی روایت‌درمانی از شاخص تغییر پایا (rci) و درصد بهبودی استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: براساس نتایج، در متغیر کیفیت زندگی زناشویی، شاخص تغییر پایا در زوج‌های دوم (2٫19) و سوم (4٫04) از نظر آماری معنادار بود که اثربخشی درمان را نشان داد. برای متغیر سبک دلبستگی ایمن، شاخص تغییر پایا در زوج دوم (2٫18) از نظر آماری معنادار بود و تنها در زوج دوم درمان اثربخشی داشت. برای متغیر سبک دوسوگرا/اضطرابی باتوجه به اینکه شاخص تغییر پایا در زوج‌های اول (0٫51) و دوم (0٫17) و سوم (0٫17) کمتر از 1٫96=z به‌دست آمد، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که برای این متغیر درمان اثربخش نبود.نتیجه‌گیری: اجرای روایت‌درمانی باعث ارتقای کیفیت زندگی زناشویی و سبک دلبستگی ایمن در برخی زوجین می‌شود؛ بنابراین می‌توان از این رویکرد برای بهبود مسائل بین‌فردی و زناشویی و کاهش میزان طلاق در جامعه استفاده کرد.

determining the effectiveness of narrative therapy on the quality of marital life and attachment of disabled couples referring to counseling centers in isfahan city, iran

background & objectives: satisfactory marriage is one of the most important factors in couples’ mental health, but if married life does not provide favorable conditions to meet the psychological needs of couples, it will have negative effects. mental disorders, depression, and suicide are some of the consequences of this problem. to solve these problems and issues, narrative therapy can be used. narrative therapy helps people to facilitate the separation between the person and the problem by externalizing the problem as a primary process, and by relying on the abilities, beliefs and competencies of the people, it can reduce the influence of the problems and make the problems flexible and solvable. the present study investigated the effectiveness of narrative therapy on the quality of marital life, and the dimensions of attachment of disabled couples referring to counseling centers in isfahan.methods: the present study is a one–case experimental design that was conducted in 2019. the statistical population of the study was all disabled couples referring to psychology and counseling centers and clinics in isfahan city, iran. of them, three couples were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by accessible and purposeful sampling. after initial sampling, three couples were placed in the group of narrative therapy. the inclusion criteria were as follows: being in marital turmoil based on the interview and also obtaining a score lower than 101 on the marital adjustment scale (mas), lacking a history of mental disorder based on the clinical interview, having at least a diploma, being at least 20 and at most 50 years old, passing at least 1 year of cohabitation, having this marriage is their first marriage, living together in the same house while conducting research, and not using concomitant psychological therapies. the exclusion criteria include failure to perform the assignments presented in the sessions, unwillingness to cooperate, history of substance abuse or dependence on the substance, use of psychiatric medication prescribed, and absence of more than two sessions. it should be noted to determine the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we used the structured clinical interview, millon clinical multiaxial inventory–iii, and diagnostic interview of clinical psychologist. the subjects were selected from couples who were referred to counseling centers and psychological services in isfahan and had marital problems. after a diagnostic interview and identifying the couples who meet the inclusion criteria, the couples were placed in the narrative therapy group. for gathering data marital quality of life (relationships) questionnaire (mql) (fletcher et al., 2000) and the revised adult attachment scale (raas) (collins & read, 1990) were used. to perform the treatment methods, the first couple in the group entered the treatment plan, and at the stage of the baseline (for two weeks), all research tools were performed on them. the treatment was then presented for 12 weekly sessions for the narrative therapy group. to control the unwanted and possible interfering variables and according to the principles of multiple baseline designs in the second session of the first couple, the second couple in both groups entered the treatment plan and so on in the third session of the first couple and the second session of the second couple, the treatment plan was started for the third couple in both groups. all questionnaires were completed in sessions 3, 6, and 8 and immediately after completing treatment. for follow–up, subjects were re–evaluated two months after the treatment. the reliable change index (rci) and recovery percentage were used to analyze the research data and evaluate the effectiveness of narrative therapy.