مقایسهٔ اثربخشی واقعیت‌درمانی و آموزش تصویرسازی ارتباطی (ایماگوتراپی) بر کنترل‌گری زناشویی زنان متقاضی طلاق

زمینه و هدف: کنترل‌گری زناشویی از علل ناتوانی ‌ارتباطی زوجین محسوب می‌شود که گاهی با طلاق زوجین تاثیرات زیانباری بر سلامت جسمی و روانی خانواده می‌گذارد؛ بنابراین این پژوهش با هدف مقایسهٔ اثربخشی واقعیت‌درمانی و ایماگوتراپی بر کنترل‌گری زناشویی زنان متقاضی طلاق شهر ‌همدان انجام شد.روش‌بررسی: طرح پژوهش حاضر، نیمه‌آزمایشی همراه با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه گواه بود. جامعهٔ آماری این پژوهش تمامی زنان متقاضی طلاق شهر همدان در سال 1398 بودند. سی نفر از افراد داوطلب با درنظرگرفتن معیارهای ورود به شیوۀ در دسترس وارد پژوهش شدند و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه گواه قرار گرفتند. آموزش ایماگوتراپی به‌مدت ده جلسۀ 60دقیقه‌ای و واقعیت‌درمانی به‌مدت هشت جلسۀ 90 دقیقه‌ای به‌صورت گروهی انجام ‌شد. ابزار پژوهش‌ پرسشنامۀ کنترل‌گری زناشویی (امینی، 1396) بود که در مراحل پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون و پیگیری برای هر سه گروه اجرا شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و آزمون بونفرونی ازطریق نرم‌افزار spss نسخهٔ 20 صورت گرفت. مقادیر احتمال کمتر از 0٫05 از نظر آماری معنادار در‌ نظر گرفته شد.یافته‌ها: واقعیت‌درمانی در کاهش کنترل‌گری زناشویی (0٫033=p) و کنترل‌گری هیجانی (0٫025=p) موثر است. بین واقعیت‌درمانی و ایماگوتراپی در متغیر کنترل‌گری زناشویی اختلاف معناداری وجود دارد (0٫048=p). به‌علاوه، تفاوت معناداری بین پیش‌آزمون با پس‌آزمون و پیگیری و بین پس‌آزمون و پیگیری در متغیرهای کنترل‌گری زناشویی، کنترل‌گری هیجانی و کنترل‌گری کلامی مشاهده می‌شود (0٫05>p).نتیجه‌گیری: واقعیت‌درمانی موجب کاهش کنترل‌گری زناشویی زنان متقاضی طلاق می‌شود و درمقایسه با ایماگوتراپی این رویکرد اثر بیشتری بر کاهش کنترل‌گری زناشویی زنان متقاضی طلاق دارد.

Comparing the Effects of Reality Therapy and Imago Relationship Therapy on Marital Control in Women Seeking a Divorce

Background & Objectives: After marriage, young couples encounter several tasks and should have a mutual understanding in their everyday life. Major reasons for the conflicts in the couples include communication–related problems and incorrect and unsatisfying relations. Marital control can seriously affect healthy marital relationships and impair couples’ communications, and eventually lead to divorce. In the Reality Therapy (RT) approach, the problems and harms of married life arise from the efforts of each party to control the other to satisfy their needs and desires. Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT) is a novel approach to resolving conflicts and enriching the relationship between spouses, which relies on a sense of security and could be linked to marital control. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the effects of RT and IRT on marital control in women seeking a divorce.Methods: This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest–follow–up and a control group design. The statistical population of this study was all women applying for divorce in Hamedan City, Iran, in 2019. Considering the inclusion criteria, the eligible volunteers were selected by convenience sampling method; subsequently, they were randomly divided into three groups of RT, IRT, and control (n=10/group). The inclusion criteria of the study were the age range of 20–50 years and not receiving therapy services in psychological treatment centers. If a volunteer failed to participate in two intervention sessions, she was excluded from the study. IRT and RT were performed in groups and twice a week, for 10 sessions in 60 minutes and 8 sessions in 90 minutes, respectively. The Marital Control Questionnaire (Amini, 2017) was used in the pretest, posttest, and quarterly follow–up stages. The context of controlling practices in marital relationships includes emotional control, negligence control, verbal violence control, isolation control, and concealment control. Data analysis was performed using repeated–measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in SPSS at the significance level of p<0.05.Results: The collected results suggested significant differences between the IRT, RT, and control groups in 3 measurement stages concerning marital control (p=0.019); same differences were detected regarding marital control and its components between the RT and IRT groups, including emotional control (p=0.026), verbal control (p=0.008), and secrecy control (p=0.016). However, no significant difference was observed in inattention control (p=0.198) and isolation control (p=0.186). Bonferroni posthoc test data indicated a significant difference between the RT and control groups in marital control variables (p=0.033) and emotional control (p=0.025). Thus, RT significantly reduced marital control and emotional control in the study subjects. However, in all variables, the scores of the IRT group and controls were not significantly different. Besides, the scores of the RT and IRT groups were significantly different in marital control (p=0.048). To evaluate the difference between marital control scores and its components in three assessment phases, Bonferroni posthoc test was employed. The relevant results revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p<0.001), pretest and follow–up (p<0.001), as well as posttest and follow–up (p<0.001) values concerning marital control; there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p=0.005), pretest and follow–up (p<0.001), as well as posttest and follow–up (p<0.001) scores in emotional control. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p<0.001), pretest and follow–up (p<0.001), as well as posttest and follow–up (p=0.002) data in verbal control (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest statistics of inattention control (p=0.576). There was no significant difference between posttest and follow–up data respecting isolation control (p=0.999). There was also no significant difference between posttest and follow–up values in secrecy control (p=0.072).Conclusion: According to the present research findings, RT was more effective than IRT in improving marital control. Therefore, RT is suggested to be used as a more effective therapy method in this regard.