اثربخشی رنگ و نور در کاهش استرس کودکان و تسریع روند بهبودی آن‌ها در فضاهای درمانی

زمینه و هدف: پژوهش با هدف بررسی تاثیر نور و رنگ در کاهش استرس کودکان و تسریع روند بهبودی آن‌ها در فضاهای درمانی انجام شد. روش‌بررسی: پژوهش حاضر به‌روش تحقیق کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی بود. اطلاعات به‌شیوهٔ مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و مشاهدات نمونهٔ موردی جمع‌آوری شد و ابزار مصاحبه در این پژوهش به‌کار رفت. نمونهٔ بررسی‌شده بیمارستان امید اصفهان بود. جامعهٔ شرکت‌کنندگان شامل دوازده دختر و هشت پسر، درمجموع بیست کودک بیمار و والدین آن‌ها بودند. یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش مشخص کرد که بیمارستان امید اصفهان متناسب با نیازهای روحی کودکان طراحی نشده است و طبق گفتهٔ والدین مشکلاتی ازجمله راهروهای سرد و کم‌نور و خشک‌بودن فضا و… دارد. همچنین کودکان بستری در این بیمارستان با دیدن تصاویر واقعی از دیگر مراکز درمانی کودکان به عواملی چون استفاده از رنگ در نما و وجود آتریوم و رنگ و نیز نور مناسب در اتاق‌های بستری علاقهٔ بیشتری نشان دادند. نتیجه‌گیری: دو عامل رنگ و نور از عواملی است که موجب ارتقای کیفیت فضایی می‌شود و هماهنگی این دو عامل با سایر معماری‌های بیمارستان تاثیر به‌سزایی در کاهش استرس کودکان و آرامش روانی آن‌ها دارد؛ درنتیجه باتوجه به مطالب ذکرشده بیمارستان امید اصفهان دارای چنین کیفیت فضایی نیست و با استانداردهای جهانی فاصلهٔ زیادی دارد. 

Color and Light on Reducing Children’s Stress and Speeding up Their Recovery in Health Care Settings

Background & Objective: The architectural environment as a basis factor for human activities has profound effects on its mental health. One of the architectural environments that is stressful is a hospital. Stress in the hospital with negative consequences that delay patient recovery. One of the groups of patients who are more vulnerable in this case are children. Since children stay at hospital with a lot of concern, an interior design with appropriate colors can show the hospital space less formal and provide a suitable and friendly environment for them. This condition can act as an emotional change. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of light and color on decreasing children’s stress and speeding up their recovery in therapeutic settings.Methods: The research method of this paper was descriptive approach and information was collected through library studies and sample case observations. The research tool was interviewed and it should be noted that the phenomenological method was used in the qualitative way. The samples were from Omid Isfahan Hospital (Isfahan province, center of Iran) and the participants’ community included two groups of children and their parents. The children included 12 girls and 8 boys, a total of 20 sick children and their parents. Prior to conducting interviews, the participants in the research were assured enough that, their information would remain confidential. Interviews were conducted to gather information from parents, and questions about hospital space, spatial defects, and child reactions to the hospital were asked to address the problems, such as cold and airlessness of the spaces and it relations to increase the children stress. In the next video interview with children, there were pictures of external facades, lobby spaces, corridors, admissions and hospitalization rooms of several health centers for children, and children were asked to give their mentality and feelings to the images of the expression Results: During an interview with parents, they stated that their children were afraid to enter the hospital when they arrived at the hospital. Some other parents stated that their children were stressed when they were in the corridor due to long duration, inappropriate light and color, and finally they refused to go to the corridors. They also pointed out that the furniture in the lobby and the waiting room was not commensurate with the size of the child, and there was also no room for play and entertainment, which would exacerbate the children’s tiredness during the waiting. The findings of the children’s video interview showed that they were more interested in happy colors and natural light. Seeing the images of the hospital’s exterior, they were welcomed with cheerful shapes and curved shapes as well as good night lighting. In conjunction with the lobby and the waiting room, they preferred the atrium spaces that led enough natural light into the building. Children’s passion was more receptive to children’s designs and colors. The largest selection of children was the corridors that had wall paintings, enough light, and defeat or indentations along their path. The children preferred the inpatient rooms that had relaxing colors and multiple windows with adequate natural light because they inspired a sentimental, intimate home–like atmosphere.Conclusion: It should be considered in the design of children’s hospitals. Hospital is able to create favorable conditions, tailor–made design for children and at the same time, it is applied, as well as the improvement of the quality of space, to support children who are in poor mental conditions with fear and stress. Two factors of color and light were among the factors that enhance the quality of space, and the coordination of these two factors with other hospital architectures had a significant effect on reducing the stress of children and their mental relaxation. As a result, Omid Isfahan Hospital did not have such spatial quality and was far from universal standards.