پیش‌بینی قصد انجام جراحی زیبایی بر مبنای کمال‌گرایی و اضطراب اجتماعی

زمینه و هدف: برخی تحقیقات نشان داده است که عوامل روان‌شناختی تاثیر زیادی در تقاضای جراحی‌های زیبایی دارد و نیاز است محققان با واردشدن در این حیطه، مسائل روان‌شناختی متقاضیان جراحی زیبایی را بررسی کنند؛ ازاین‌رو هدف این پژوهش پیش‌بینی انجام جراحی زیبایی بر مبنای کمال‌گرایی و اضطراب اجتماعی دانشجویان دختر بود.روش‌بررسی: در این پژوهش، از روش تحقیق هم‌بستگی و پیش‌بینی استفاده شد. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش را تمامی دانشجویان دختر دانشگاه‌ آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات شهر تهران که در سال 1397 مشغول به تحصیل بودند، تشکیل دادند که از این جامعه با استفاده از جدول مورگان و به روش در دسترس 250 نفر انتخاب شدند. روش اجرا بدین ترتیب بود که پرسش‌نامه‌های نگرش به جراحی زیبایی، کمال‌گرایی و اضطراب اجتماعی جمع‌آوری شد و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار spss نسخۀ 20 و آزمون هم‌بستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون گام‌به‌گام تحلیل شد.یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که کمال‌گرایی منفی (0٫001>p و 43=r) و اضطراب اجتماعی (0٫003>p و 37=r) توان پیش‌بینی قصد انجام جراحی زیبایی در دانشجویان دختر را داشتند؛ همچنین نتایج بیانگر آن است که 21٫4درصد از تغییرات متغیر قصد انجام جراحی زیبایی در دانشجویان دختر به‌وسیلۀ کمال‌گرایی منفی و 17٫9درصد به‌وسیلۀ اضطراب اجتماعی آنان تبیین می‌شود.نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان داد که می‌توان با کمال‌گرایی منفی و نیز اضطراب اجتماعی، نمرۀ قصد انجام جراحی زیبایی را پیش‌بینی کرد. این یافته می‌تواند به مشاوران در ارائۀ مشاورۀ کلینیکی کمک کند.

Prediction the Intention of Performing Cosmetic Surgery Based on Perfectionism and Social Anxiety

Background & Objective: There has been a tendency towards beauty in the nature of human beings. Today, requests for beauty processes are increasing. According to the U.S. society of plastic surgeons, total annual beauty processes include 14.6 million beautiful processes (1.6 million cosmic aggressive surgeries and 13 million minor invasive surgeries), as well as 5.6 million repairs in 2012. It seems that asking for aesthetic practices in Iran has a high rate. However, there is no exact statistics. In recent years, the demand for a variety of cosmetic surgeries has been increasing in our country. Some researchers have shown that psychological factors have a great influence on the demand for cosmetic surgeries, and researchers need to study the psychological problems of cosmetic surgery applicants in this area; therefore, the aim of this research is to predict the effect of cosmetic surgery based on perfectionism and social anxiety was female students.Methods: In this study, correlation and predictive research was used to predict the likelihood of performing cosmetic surgery based on the perfectionism and social anxiety of female students. The statistical population of this study was all female students of Islamic Azad University of Science and Research Branch of Tehran (Tehran, capital city of Iran), who were studying in 2018. The population of this society was selected using the Morgan table and accessible to 250 people. The criteria for entering the research were the student being a girlfriend, having the satisfaction and interest in participating in research and being single, and criteria for leaving the research were also married and having mental disorders. In the selection of samples, it was tried to study the proportion of educational levels according to the number of students in each section. Thus, 53% of undergraduate students, 37% of graduate students and 10% of them were PhD. The method of this study was to collect attitude questionnaires on cosmetic surgery, perfectionism and social anxiety. Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 20, and Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression.Results: In this study, 250 female students with an average age of 25.23±3.52. Correlation coefficient between normal perfectionism and cosmetic surgery was not statistically significant (p<0.001). The correlation between negative perfectionism and intention to perform cosmetic surgery was 0.432, which was a significant correlation (p<0.001). Correlation coefficient between social anxiety and intention to perform cosmetic surgery was 0.371. Correlation coefficient was significant (p<0.001). In fact, the result of the analysis indicated that as much as the score for negative perfectionism and social anxiety would increase, the likelihood of the intention to perform aesthetic surgery would be greater. Regression results showed that negative perfectionism (p<0.001, r=0.43) and social anxiety (p<0.001, r=0.37), for predicting the intention to perform cosmetic surgery in female students. In addition, results indicate that 4.21% of variable variation. The intention of performing aesthetic surgery in female students was explained by negative perfectionism and 17.9% by their social anxiety.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that negative social perfectionism and social anxiety were able to predict the intention of doing cosmetic surgery in female students. In addition, the results indicate that significant amount of changes in cosmetic surgery in female students by perfectionism Negative and social anxiety. Finally, it can be said that those who had a high social anxiety and negative perfectionism are prone to cosmetic surgery, and those with a high probability of aesthetic surgery. Therefore, negative social perfectionism and social anxiety can predict the intention to perform cosmetic surgery. This finding can help clinician’s advice.