اثربخشی آموزش پذیرش و تعهد بر نگرش‌های ناکارآمد و ناگویی خلقی زنان افسرده

زمینه و هدف: عوامل زیادی ازجمله نگرش های ناکارآمد و ناگویی خلقی، وضعیت روان شناختی زنان افسرده را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثربخشی آموزش پذیرش و تعهد بر نگرش های ناکارآمد و ناگویی خلقی زنان افسرده بود.روش بررسی: در این پژوهش کاربردی از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون پس آزمون با گروه گواه در سال 1397، تعداد 30 نفر از زنان افسردهٔ مراجعه کننده به مرکز مشاوره راه بهتر، در ناحیهٔ 4 تهران به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده و به صورت تصادفی در گروه های آزمایش و گواه قرار گرفتند. برای جمع آوری داده های پژوهش از پرسشنامه هایی افسردگی بک (1979)، نگرش های ناکارآمد الیس (1978) و مقیاس ناگویی خلقی بگبی و همکاران (1994) استفاده شد. مداخلهٔ درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در هشت جلسه برای گروه آزمایش برگزار شد، ولی برای گروه گواه هیچ مداخله ای اعمال نگردید و از هر دو گروه پیش آزمون و پس آزمون به عمل آمد. داده ها به کمک نرم افزار spss22 و با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه وتحلیل آماری شدند؛ سطح معنا داری 0٫01 در نظر گرفته شد.یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد میانگین نمرات گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه گواه در نگرش های ناکارآمد و مولفه های آن (30٫22±100٫50 و 28٫93±87٫58) و ناگویی خُلقی و مولفه های (6٫42±65٫16 و 7٫86±55٫08) آن کاهش یافت که این تفاوت ها ازلحاظ آماری معنا دار بود (0٫001>p).نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج پژوهش می توان گفت درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در کاهش نگرش های ناکارآمد و ناگویی خُلقی زنان افسرده موثر است.

Education Acceptance Commitment Therapy on Dyfunctional Attitudes,Alexithymia of Depressed Women

Background & Objective: Depression is an emotional disorder characterized by changes in mood and excitement. This disorder is a chronic, recurrent, and potentially lifethreatening disorder, with symptoms of dissatisfaction, loss of strength and past interests, low selfconfidence, feelings of sadness and sin, changes in appetite, and sleep patterns. The prevalence of it in women is almost twice that of men and has the highest prevalence of life expectancy (about 17%) among psychiatric disorders. This impairment leads to personal and family harm, occupational destruction, and interpersonal communication, and generally does not have a focus on natural life. One of the effective factors in the emergence of depression, anxiety, and stress in individuals is based on cognitive models, cognitive distortions, and ineffective attitudes toward conditions. Ineffective attitudes, as an underlying factor in the onset of depression periods, are considered directly or as a vulnerability factor under perceived stress conditions. On the other hand, studies show the role of nougat mood as a personality trait in diagnosing and describing emotions and depression. Mood clutter or emotional deficiency as a cognitiveemotional phenomenon refers to a specific disorder in mental function, which results from the process of automatic inhibition of information and emotional emotions. Many factors, including dysfunctional attitudes and mood disorders, affect the psychological state of depressed women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of admission and commitment training on ineffective attitudes and mood disorder in depressed women.Methods: In this descriptive, semiexperimental study with a pretestposttestcontrol design with the control group in 2019, 30 depressed women referred to the counseling center in Tehran’s 4th district were selected through purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 subjects for each group) were placed. The tools were the Beck Depression Inventory (1979), Ellis’s inefficient attitudes (1978), and Goughby and colleagues (1994). Admission and commitment therapy conducted in eight sessions for the experimental group, but no intervention used for the control group, and from both groups, the pretest and posttest performed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics and covariance analysis (α=0.01).Results: The results showed that the mean scores of the experimental group compared with the control group in inefficient attitudes and its components (100.50±30.22, 87.58±28.93) and mood (65.16±6.42), the mean differences were statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that admission and commitment therapy has been effective in decreasing dysfunctional attitudes and depression in depressed women. Therefore, the use of commitment and acceptance approach as an effective method in health centers can be implemented effectively. Thus, the use of admission and commitment therapy can help people to improve their psychological characteristics; therefore, counselors, therapists, and clinical psychologists can use the admission and commitment treatment method to reduce inefficient attitudes and mood disorders.