اثربخشی روان‌درمانی گروهی مثبت‌نگر مبتنی‌بر آموزه‌های دینی، بر نشخوار فکری زنان نابارور

هدف: ناباروری یک تجربه استرس زاست که مشکلات بهداشتی و اجتماعی جدی به وجود می آورد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی روان درمانی گروهی مثبت نگر مبتنی بر آموزه های دینی بر نشخوار فکری زنان نابارور طراحی و اجرا شد.روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر به روش نیمه آزمایشی و از نوع پیش آزمون پس آزمون با گروه کنترل و گمارش تصادفی انجام گرفت. جامعهٔ آماری مطالعه شامل زنان نابارور مراجعه کننده به کلینیک های نازایی شهر مهاباد (آذربایجان غربی) در سال 1396 بود. افراد نمونه در وهلهٔ نخست به شیوهٔ نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و پس از تکمیل پرسشنامهٔ نشخوار فکری افسرده ساز و کسب حد نصاب لازم برای ورود به تحقیق با استفاده از انتساب تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (15 نفر برای هر گروه) گمارده شدند. گروه آزمایش طی 10 جلسه در معرض روان درمانی مثبت نگر مبتنی بر آموزه های دینی به شیوهٔ گروهی قرار گرفتند و گروه کنترل، مداخله ای دریافت نکردند. داده های حاصل با آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس، تجزیه وتحلیل شد.یافته ها: نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری نشان داد که بین گروه آزمایش و کنترل از نظر مولفه های نشخوار فکری (سردرگریبانی، سرزنش خود، نشخوار فکری علامت دار و درون گری) تفاوت معنادار است (0٫001>p) و مولفهٔ نشخوار فکری دربارهٔ افسردگی نیز تفاوتی معنادار داشت (0٫009=p).نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که روان درمانی گروهی مثبت نگر مبتنی بر آموزه های دینی می تواند باعث کاهش نشخوار فکری افسرده ساز در زنان نابارور شود؛ بنابراین انجام مداخلات بر اساس این رویکرد می تواند در ارتقای سلامت روان و بهبود کیفیت زندگی مفید باشد.

Positive group psychotherapy Based on Religious teachings on Rumination in Infertile Women

Background & Objective: Infertility is a stressful experience that poses severe health and social problems. Psychologically, infertility is a critical period that results from imbalances between couples who are expecting a child but who are unable to reach their goal. The negative consequences of women’s infertility have led therapists and researchers to intervene in a variety of ways to reduce infertile women’s problems. Positive psychology emphasizes the study of emotions and positive experiences and focuses on the study of deficiencies and mental deficiencies and low performance in studying human abilities and adaptive function. The present study was designed and implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of Positive group psychotherapy based on religious teachings on rumination in infertile women.Methods: This research was a semiexperimental and pretest and posttest design with a control group and random assignment. The statistical population consists of all infertile female referring to infertility clinics of Mahabad (West Azarbaijan) in 2017. 30 Sample subjects were selected through available sampling method and after completing the depressor rumination questionnaire and obtaining the necessary quorum for entering the research using random appointment in two groups of experiment and control (15 persons per group). The experimental group exposed to Positive group psychotherapy based on religious teachings during ten sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Criteria for entering the research include the age range of 2545, more than one year of infertility, women who were barren from the beginning of the marriage, completeness of treatment consent form, absence of acute psychological disorders according to volunteers’ records, lack of external counseling services of the treatment sessions. To measure rumination, a depressor rumination questionnaire by Yousefi et al. In Iran, used. The survey consists of five factors, selffocus, selfblame, marked rumination, introspection, and rumination about the effects of depression. Ethical considerations such as patient satisfaction, posttest intervention, waiting lists, and confidentiality considered to conduct research. Both groups tested at the beginning and the end of the treatment (pretest and posttest) with a ruminant questionnaire. The experimental group participated in 10 sessions of 90 minutes each week under the positive group therapy based on religious teachings, and the control group received no interventionthe protocol used in this study based on Ebadi and colleagues training program. After the end of the sessions, again, the participants of the experimental and posttest control group were yet tested. The multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) used. The assumptions of using the covariance analysis test with Levin and Mbox tests analyzed by SPSS25 software.Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding the components of rumination (self focus, selfblaming, symptomatic rumination, and introverting) (p<0.001) and rumination component there was a significant difference in depression (p=0.009).Conclusion: Having this insight that everything that comes to us is from God, and his wisdom in all our actions contributes to reducing the negative emotions, thereby reducing the negative thoughts about infertility, since one knows in this divine context that "Maybe you do not like something, while your good is in it, or you love something, while your evil is in it. The results of this study showed that Positive group psychotherapy based on religious teachings could reduce depressed ruminant in infertile women, so interventions based on this approach can be useful in improving mental health and improving quality of life.