الگوی معادلات ساختاری ویژگی‫های شخصیتی و کیفیت زندگی و امیدبه‌زندگی با میانجی‌گری تنظیم هیجانی در بیماران قلبی

هدف: بیماری قلبی یکی از علل اصلی مرگ ومیر در کشورهای صنعتی است؛ لذا این پژوهش به منظور یافتن الگوی روابط ساختاری ویژگی‫های شخصیتی و کیفیت زندگی و امیدبه زندگی با میانجیگری تنظیم هیجانی در بیماران قلبی صورت گرفت.روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی بود. نمونهٔ آماری را 250 نفر از بیماران قلبی بستری و سرپایی سه ماههٔ اول سال 1397 شهر همدان تشکیل دادند که با شیوهٔ نمونه‫گیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه های کیفیت زندگی (واروشربون، 1992)، تنظیم شناختی هیجان (گارنفسکی و همکاران، 2001)، پنج عاملی شخصیت نئو (کاستا و مک کری، 1992) و آزمون امیدبه زندگی (میلر و پاورز، 1988) بود. تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها با استفاده از spss نسخهٔ 22 و amos22 انجام شد.‬یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد میان متغیرهای امیدبه زندگی و ویژگی های شخصیتی و تنظیم هیجان به ترتیب با ضرایب استاندارد 0٫75 و 0٫63 و 0٫37، با متغیر کیفیت زندگی در سطح خطای یک درصد رابطهٔ معنا‫دار وجود دارد (0٫01>p). با انجام برازش مدل معادلهٔ ساختاری و برازش مدل نهایی، شاخص های برازش به ترتیب برای مجذور خی 0٫056=p و 67=npar و 632٫752=cmin، شاخص توکرلویس 0٫996=tli، شاخص برازش تطبیقی 0٫935=cfi و شاخص بنتلربونت برابر 0٫962=nfi به دست آمد. همچنین مقدار شاخص برازش مقتصد هنجارشده (pnfi) 0٫578 و ریشهٔ میانگین مربع های خطای برآورد 0٫045=rmsea محاسبه شد. این مقادیر باوجود معنا داری آمارهٔ مجذور خی، نشان دهندهٔ این است که مدل حاصل برازش مناسبی را برای داده ها دارد.نتیجه گیری: باتوجه به یافته های این پژوهش برگزاری کارگاه های آموزشی برای بیماران در مراحل اولیه و در حین درمان جهت آموزش (امیددرمانی) و اصلاح تیپ شخصیتی، بسیار مفید و بازدارنده از تشدید بیماری است.

Structural Equation Modeling of Personality Traits, Quality of Life and Life Expectancy

Background & Objective: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of mortality in industrialized countries. Many psychological factors such as emotional regulation, personality traits have an impact on the quality of life and life expectancy of heart patients, and these factors have an important role in the development of the cardiac disease. Therefore, this study was aimed to find a pattern of structural relationships between personality traits, quality of life and life expectancy by mediating emotional regulation in cardiac patients.Methods: The research applied (in terms of purpose and conditions of data collection method) descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of included all patients with congested heart disease and outpatients from April to the end of June 2018 who were admitted to Farshchian Hospital and outpatients referred to the clinic and heart clinic, as well as the private clinic of heart in Hamedan (Hamedan province, West of Iran). The method of sampling in this study was that from the list of patients referring to the hospitals and clinics of heart rehabilitation centre of Hamadan. Conditions entry into the present study were surgery, admission and ambulatory treatment. With the available sampling method, 250 people selected and completed the relevant questionnaires — this research conducted in a field and library manner. In the field method, using the questionnaire and its distribution in cardiovascular patients, the data needed to be analyzed, and in the library method, using the vector of the relevant books, scientific articles, the research sites and journals of the theoretical and empirical backgrounds related to the present research were collected. The present investigation was correlation research using "structural equation modelling" methods, which was studied through modelling and analyzing the correlation path between each of the variables. The structural equation modelling method is used in two stages to test the pattern, which includes the test of the model of measurement and structural. The measurement model examines the validity and validity of measurement instruments, research structures and tests the structural pattern of the hypotheses and relationships of the variables. The research tools consist of quality of life questionnaires (Varsharbun, 1992), cognitive emotion regulation (Garneschi et al., 2001), five factors of the Neo character (Costa and McCraey, 1992) and the life expectancy test (Miller and Powers, 1988). SPSS22 and AMOS22 were used to analyze the data. In general, using the structural equation modelling technique and using the Amos22 software, the research hypotheses are tested. The most current statistical fitness indexes of the model including absolute fitness (Chisquare, CMIN, fit indices) (Root Mean Squared Estimate Error (RMSEA), normalized equilibrium index (PNFI), and adaptive adjustment indicators (CFI), BenthalerBonte (NFI), TuckerLouis index (TLI) calculated. Standard fit indices presented in the measurement models for the research variables below each form. Fit if the ratio of Q2 to the degree of freedom was less than two, the model had a suitable fit, the RMSEA index was less than 0.05, and the other indicators were also preferable to the one closer to each other.Results: There was a significant relationship between life expectancy, personality traits and emotion regulation, with standard coefficients of 0.75, 0.63 and 0.37 with quality of life variable at 1% error level, respectively (p<0.01). By fitting the structural equation model and fitting the final model, the fitting indices for Chisquare with the value (CMIN=632.752, NPAR=67, p=0.056), TLI=0.996, CFI=0.935 and NFI=0.962. On the other hand, the value of the normalized fitting index (PNFI) equalled 0.578 and RMSEA was 0.045. These values, albeit meaningfully, of the Chisquare, indicate that the model obtained has a suitable fit for the data.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, holding workshops for patients in the early stages and during treatment for education (hope for treatment) and modifying the type of personality is a very useful and preventing exacerbation of the disease.