methanol foliar spraying improves biochemical and physiological attributes of coriander (coriandrum sativum) plants under salt stress

Salinity stress is one of the most significant factors limiting plant growth; therefore, using compounds such as methanol to mitigate the harmful effects of stress is of great importance. this study aimed to investigate the effect of methanol spraying on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of coriander (coriandrum sativum) plants under salinity stress conditions in a greenhouse experiment. salinity treatment was applied at two levels (control and 80 mm nacl) and methanol  was exogenously applied at four concentrations (control, 10%, 20%, and 30%). the results indicated that under salinity stress conditions, the application of methanol led to a significant increase in various traits.  superoxide dismutase enzyme activity increased by 23% with 30% methanol spraying under salinity stress. additionally, polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity rose by 51% with 30% methanol at 80 mm salinity, while  catalase activity increased by 29%. proline content also increased by 124% under salinity stress, while  malondialdehyde content decreased by 63% in these conditions.  overall, 30% methanol enhances stress tolerance in plants under salinity conditions by improving antioxidant enzyme activities, protein content, and osmoprotective mechanisms. these findings suggest the role of methanol’s in mitigating the effects of salinity stress on plant physiology.