enhancing haploid wheat induction efficiency through the wheat × maize cross utilizing silver nitrate and calcium phosphate

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of silver nitrate and calcium phosphate in inducing chromosome elimination and promoting haploid wheat generation in the context of wheat-maize crosses. the experiment explored the impact of various treatments, including non-use (control) and the utilization of silver nitrate (3 gr/l) combined with calcium phosphate (0.1 gr/l). additionally, different durations of treatments post-pollination, spanning 48 and 72 hours, were considered. the study evaluated key characteristics in wheat x maize system, such as the number of florets, number as well as the quantity and percentage of successful seed formations. the findings underscored significant distinctions among the treatments, achieving a level of significance of 1%. the use of silver nitrate in conjunction with calcium phosphate for wheat tillers demonstrated an increased propensity for haploid embryo formation. specifically, maintaining wheat tillers in a solution of silver nitrate and calcium phosphate for 72 and 48 hours, in comparison to the control group, resulted in haploid embryo formations with proportions of 12.53%, 5.60%, and 3.82%, respectively. the findings suggest that prolonged exposure to the silver nitrate-calcium phosphate treatment increases the development of haploid embryos.