performance analysis of ports based on the concepts of risk, resilience, reliability, and sustainability with a special focus on shahid rajaee port

Resilient and sustainable port infrastructures are vital in addressing the growing complexities and uncertainties of modern maritime systems. this study emphasizes the necessity of an integrated understanding of four interrelated concepts (risk, resilience, reliability, and sustainability) in the context of port planning and operations. despite the abundance of research on each of these dimensions individually, a comprehensive framework that effectively combines them for practical decision-making in port environments remains underdeveloped. through a conceptual and comparative analysis, this research proposes a cohesive approach to these four dimensions and applies it in a case study of shahid rajaee port, one of the most significant ports in southern iran. the study identifies key deficiencies in current operational practices and recommends strategic solutions, including the integration of multimodal transport systems, implementation of iot-based monitoring technologies, and employment of skilled and experienced personnel. a swot analysis is employed to assess internal and external factors influencing port performance, and tailored strategies are proposed to enhance long-term resilience and promote sustainable development. this integrated approach offers a comprehensive framework to support decision-making in port management under both environmental and human-induced risks.