بازنمایی هویت قومی در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری دوره های نهم و یازدهم؛ موارد مطالعه:آذربایجان شرقی، کردستان و کهکیلویه و بویراحمد

هدف این پژوهش بررسی تفاوت پذیری میزان آرای کاندیداهای نهمین و یازدهمین دوره انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ایران برمبنای موضع گیری های قومیتی آنها در استان‌های آذربایجان شرقی، کردستان و کهگیلویه و بویراحمد است. پژوهش به روش تحلیل محتوا از نوع کمی است، واحد تحلیل، بیانیه ها، موضع گیری ها، شعارها و سخنرانی های مرتبط با سه قوم ( ترک، کرد و لر) از سوی کاندیدای دوره های دوره های نهم و یازدهم ریاست جمهوری در روزنامه های شرق، اطلاعات ، رسالت و وطن امروز است. یافته ها: یافته‌های تجربی نشان داد که بین میزان آرای کاندیداها و تعلق قومی آن‌ها رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. اما در مورد رابطه بین بازنمایی شعارهای قومی توسط کاندیداها و میزان رای آن‌ها یافته‌ها بیانگر این واقعیت بود که صرف شعارهای قومی به‌تنهایی نمی‌توانند در میزان رای کاندیداها موثر واقع شوند بلکه علاوه بر شعارهای قومی وابستگی کاندیدای مذکور به یک جناح یا تفکر خاص نیز مهم است. همچنین میزان بازنمایی شعارهای قومی در متن‌های تولیدشده توسط کاندیداهای دوره نهم 31.11 درصد و در متن‌های کاندیداهای دوره یازدهم 68.89 درصد می باشند. میزان بازنمایی تعلق قومی در متن‌های تولیدشده توسط کاندیداهای دوره نهم 26.93 درصد و در متن‌های کاندیداهای دوره یازدهم 73.07 درصد هست.

representation of ethnic identity in the 9th and 11th presidential elections in iran: a case study of east azerbaijan, kurdistan, and kohgiluyeh and boyer-ahmad

introductioniran is a vast country situated in a strategically significant region of the middle east. within its borders, a diverse array of ethnic, cultural, and religious groups coexist. a crucial aspect of iran’s internal dynamics pertains to the formulation of ethnic policies aimed at fostering an inclusive unity and cohesion among its populace, all the while preserving and celebrating the richness of its cultural and ethnic diversity in line with the country’s objectives and ideals. today, the formulation of ethnic policies has become an exceedingly vital and indispensable matter due to a number of factors, including the rise of micro and sub-national discourses and the need to regulate their interactions with the political system, government, and national identity; the proliferation of ethnic and religious groups in various countries and particularly in neighboring states; and the prominence of ethnic and tribal identities. limiting the sphere of influence, authority, and acceptance of a shared collective identity, these developments are accompanied not only by the presence of influential international and regional factors and actors but also by gaps in ethnic identities. it is thus necessary to formulate ethnic policies in the country.a significant segment of iran’s population comprises ethnic, local, and regional tribes and subcultures, whose inclinations, attitudes, and actions hold great importance across various social, cultural, and political domains in the country. the election is considered a key domain with the high frequency of occurrence in iran. in this respect, the relationship and activities of ethnic groups during election periods represent a significant topic for study and investigation. the areas of interest include the degree and nature of participation of ethnic groups and their behavior towards a particular candidate or political party in the election. the participation in elections actually serves as a stable indicator of political participation.in iran, ethnic groups perceive their participation in elections as playing a social–identity role in political dynamics. as candidates vie for as many votes as possible during their election campaigns, they engage in election campaigns characterized by slogans and the presentation of plans and promises. meanwhile, in the institutionalized and conventional opportunity offered by elections, voters and citizens form their opinions concerning the desired choice by listening to and comparing candidates’ plans, programs, and policies.in a study conducted by agumore and adams (2014) in ghana, the examination of 17 influential factors on voting behavior revealed that candidates’ electoral messages had the most significant impact on voters, while the candidate’s ethnicity proved to be one of the least influential factors. this suggests that the stance and programs advocated by candidates play a crucial role in motivating voters to support them. alwan (2020) studied the tribal power in iraq and its implications for the political and social system. the findings demonstrated that a weak and corrupt government contributes to the encouragement of tribal dominance.