بررسی رابطه سرمایه اجتماعی و رفتارهای خشونت آمیز پسران جوان (مورد مطالعه شهر ایلام)

در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﭘﺴﺮان ﺟﻮان اﯾﻼم ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﭘﺴﺮ 18 ﺗﺎ 30 ﺳﺎل ﺷﻬﺮ اﯾﻼم ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﺳﻤﭙﻞ ﭘﺎور 520 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی، ﺧﻮﺷﻪای ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮای ﺳﻨﺠﺶ رواﯾﯽ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺳﺆالﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮدآوری ﻧﻈﺮات اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﻣﺠﺮب، ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺻﻮری و ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ از آﻟﻔﺎی ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ آﻟﻔﺎی ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ 0/863 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎی آﻣﺎری ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارspss22ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن 0/419 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار و ﻣﻌﮑﻮس وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ 0/453 و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ 0/198 ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن، راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار و ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﻣﺸﻬﻮد اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺪل ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺳﻂ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﮑﻮﺳﯽ دارد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ 22 درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن را ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ داﻧﺴﺖ. ﻫﺮﭼﻘﺪر اﺣﺴﺎس ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ اﻓﺮاد وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهای ﺑﺮ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮥ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﺑﺮای ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ آﻣﯿﺰ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن در ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ اﺳﺖ.

investigating the relationship between social capital and violent behaviors of young people in ilam

the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and the commission of violent behaviors among young people. the statistical population is the youth of 18 to 30 years old in ilam city. the sample size was determined to be 520 people using sample power software. data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and statistical tests using spss22 software. findings show that there is a significant and inverse relationship between social capital and violent behaviors of young people 0.419 . there is also a significant and inverse relationship between social control 0.453 and social support 0.198 with violent behaviors of young people. the path analysis model shows that social capital, in addition to having a direct effect on the perpetration of violence indirectly through the intermediate variables of social control and social support, also has an inverse effect on the variable of violent behaviors. findings from multivariate regression analysis show that independent variables explain 22% of the variance of violent youth behaviors. violent behaviors of young people can be attributed to the reduction of social capital in society. as much as there is a sense of social support and social control among individuals, social capital increases and will have a deterrent effect on the spread of violent behaviors in society. thus, social capital is a very important factor in combating violent behaviors among young people in contemporary societies.