the effect of detraining followed by endurance training and salvia officinalis supplementation on psychological indicators and physiological performance in rats

Introduction: this study examined the effects of two and four weeks of detraining, followed by four weeks of endurance training (et) and salvia officinalis (s) supplementation, on anxiety-like behaviors, aerobic capacity (ac), depression, and pain threshold (pt) in rats. methods: in this experimental study, 40 adult female rats were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) control, (2) sham, (3) s, (4) et, and (5) ets. rats in groups 4 and 5 underwent treadmill training for four weeks (five sessions per week, 60 minutes per session). groups 3 and 5 received salvia officinalis extract at 100 mg/kg/day. data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ancova) and one-way analysis of variance (anova) with repeated measures. results: the percentage of time spent in the open arms (oa) of the elevated plus maze in the s, et, and ets groups was significantly higher than in the control group during both two and four weeks of detraining. however, after four weeks of detraining, this percentage was significantly lower compared to two weeks of detraining (p ≤ 0.05). no significant differences were observed in ac, depression levels, or pt between the two- and four-week detraining periods following four weeks of et+s (p ≤ 0.05). conclusion: the findings suggest that four weeks of salvia officinalis supplementation and endurance training can reduce anxiety-like behaviors. however, two and four weeks of detraining may lead to an increase in anxiety-like behaviors.