مطالعه جامعه شناختی رابطۀ توسعه و جرم در استان همدان

توسعه فرایندی است که موجب تسلط انسان بر طبیعت و محیط پیرامون می‌شود و سبک زندگی، روابط اجتماعی، شرایط متفاوت عاطفی و نگرش‌های جدیدی ایجاد می‌کند. علاوه بر آن، در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه مانند ایران مشکلاتی نظیر افزایش جرم را به‌همراه دارد که نتیجۀ تقابل نوگرایی و پایبندی به سنت‌ها و رسوم گذشته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطۀ بین توسعه و جرم در ابعاد اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی در استان همدان به روش تحلیل ثانویه انجام شده است. سطوح مختلف توسعه و جرم، با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک تاپسیس و نرم‌افزار gis تعیین شد که طبق یافته‌ها شهرستان‌های همدان، ملایر و بهار دارای بالاترین سطوح توسعه و شهرستان‌های رزن، اسدآباد و فامنین دارای پایین‌ترین سطوح توسعه بوده‌اند. از لحاظ جرم نیز به‌ترتیب، شهرستان‌های همدان، ملایر و تویسرکان جرم‌خیزترین و شهرستان‌های فامنین، رزن و کبودرآهنگ دارای کمترین میزان جرائم در بین شهرستان‌های استان همدان هستند. یافته‌ها نشان داد بین توسعه (اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی) و جرم (اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی) ارتباط مستقیم معناداری وجود دارد.

Sociological study of the relationship between development and crime in Hamadan province

Introduction: Development is a process that leads to human domination of nature and the environment, and changes in lifestyle, social relationships, different emotional conditions, and new attitudes. In addition, in developing countries such as Iran, there are problems such as growth in crime commitment which is the result of the confrontation between modernity and adherence to the past traditions and customs. Hamedan province, like other provinces of the country, follows the rule of centerperiphery, so that most economic activities are concentrated in Hamedan city. Meanwhile, all the cities of Hamedan province each have different potentials for investment and sustainable development. On the one hand, this situation has caused population movements to the city of Hamedan and on the other hand, it has caused the underdevelopment of other cities in the province.Method: The present study aims to investigate the relationship between development and crime in social, cultural and economic dimensions in Hamadan province by secondary analysis method. The collected data were analyzed using Excel, GIS and SPSS software and different levels of development of the cities of Hamadan province were determined by TOPSIS method. The statistical population in this study is 9 cities of Hamedan province, namely Hamedan, Malayer, Nahavand, Asadabad, Tuyserkan, Bahar, Kaboudar Ahang, Razan and Famenin. Due to the fact that the size of the statistical population is limited (9 cities of the province) and also the number of samples and the statistical population are equal, the census method was used.Findings: In terms of development, the city of Hamedan has a favorable situation, the cities of Malayer, Bahar and Nahavand are semiprivileged, the cities of Tuyserkan and Kaboudar Ahang have a low status and the cities of Famenin, Asadabad and Razan have been deprived. In terms of development rank, Hamedan, Malayer and Bahar counties had the highest and Razan, Asadabad and Famenin counties had the lowest development rank among the counties of Hamedan province, respectively. Also, in terms of general crime levels, Hamedan, Malayer and Tuyserkan cities had the highest crime rate and Famenin, Razan and Kaboudar Ahang cities had the lowest crime rate among the cities of Hamedan province, respectively. The findings showed that there is a significant direct relationship between development (and its social, cultural and economic dimensions) and crime (and its social, cultural and economic dimensions).Conclusion: Although economic, social, and cultural development has its benefits, if it is uneven and unequal, it has negative consequences, including an increase in crime .Therefore, it can be said that development in the cities of Hamadan province has ominous fruit of the spread of crime. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the place of criminal policies and policies in macro development programs, crime reduction as one of the main issues in achieving development goals and greater synergy and convergence of criminal policies and development to be considered by planners and policy makers.