تحلیل نسبت مصلحت‌سنجی تعقیب کیفری با نظم عمومی و امنیت اجتماعی

براساس اصل الزامی‌بودن تعقیب کیفری، با وقوع جرم، دادستان به‌منزله مقام تعقیب مکلف به تعقیب متهم است، اما با گذشت زمان، جامعه و افکار عمومی، حساسیت خود را به برخی جرائم کاهش داده است و تمایلی به تعقیب از سوی دادستان ندارند. این امر می‌تواند ناشی از طبع برخی جرائم باشد که دراساس، ارتکاب آن‌ها، نظم و امنیت اجتماعی را مخدوش نمی‌کند یا درصورت ورود خدشه، تبعات منفی تعقیب جرائم از نگاه اجتماع به‌مراتب بیشتر از تعقیب آن‌ها خود را نشان می‌دهد. این وضعیت دادستان را مجاب می‌کند در پرتو اصل اقتضا یا متناسب‌بودن تعقیب کیفری، تعقیب را رها کند و از جایگزین‌های آن مانند تعلیق تعقیب، بایگانی‌کردن پرونده و میانجیگری کیفری بهره ببرد؛ زیرا حقوق کیفری ابزاری برای نیل به اهداف سیاست‌های اجتماعی است و به‌تبع آن، مقبولیت اجتماعی، مشروعیت‌بخش تعقیب است. در این صورت، تعقیب دایره مدار مصلحت است. در این مقاله این موضوع بررسی شده است که چگونه دادستان با مصلحت‌اندیشی، نظم عمومی و امنیت اجتماعی را محقق می‌کند. یافته‌های پژوهش حکایت از آن دارد که در پرتو مصلحت‌سنجی دادستان و با رعایت برخی شرایط، هم منافع افراد و هم منافع جامعه تامین می‌شود. با آماده‌کردن افکار عمومی و نیز ضابطه‌مند‌کردن تعقیب مصلحتی می‌توان به برقراری موثر نظم عمومی و امنیت اجتماعی امیدوار بود.

Analysis of the expediency of criminal prosecution with public order and social security

Introduction: According to the principle of the necessity of criminal prosecution, upon the occurrence of a crime, the prosecutor, as the prosecuting authority, is obliged to prosecute the accused; but over time, society and public opinion have reduced their sensitivity to certain crimes and are reluctant to be prosecuted by the prosecutor. This can be due to the nature of some crimes, which, in principle, do not disturb the social order and security, or in the event of damage, the negative consequences of prosecuting crimes from the community point of view are far greater than prosecuting them. This situation compels the prosecutor to abandon the prosecution in the light of the principle of appropriateness or appropriateness of the criminal prosecution and to use the alternatives of the prosecution, such as the suspension of the prosecution, the filing of the case and criminal mediation; Because criminal law is a tool to achieve the goals of social policy, and consequently, social acceptability is the legitimacy of prosecution. In this case, the pursuit is expedient. In this article, we seek to examine how the prosecutor achieves public order and social security with expediency. Method: The present research is a research article and the result of the author’s studies and researches in the form of library documents. And after reviewing the contents related to the title of the article and the necessary filings, it has been compiled and arranged. Findings: The findings of the study indicate that in the light of the expediency of the prosecutor and by observing the conditions, both the interests of individuals and the interests of society are provided. By preparing public opinion as well as regulating the pursuit of expediency, one can hope for the effective establishment of public order and social security. The objectives of the investigation are to examine the expediency of the prosecuting authority in relation to the establishment of public order and social security at the community level and to answer these questions. What is the relationship between the prosecutor’s expediency in dealing with crimes in maintaining public order and social security? And finally, what is the authority of the prosecutor in assessing the expediency of criminal prosecution in relation to the establishment of public order and social security? Conclusion: The main message of this research is how the prosecutor achieves public order and social security with expediency. The prosecuting authority does not make the prosecution commensurate with the mere consideration of an interest or benefit. Rather, in order to convince himself and justify the judicial action, by evaluating the values ​​emphasized by the society, in some cases, it is possible to consider several benefits or interests of the victim / offender and the interests of the society separately or together; Then refrain from pursuing the accused; And may use other measures as an alternative to prosecution.