موانع مشارکت روستاییان حوضه قلعه شاهرخ چادگان در طرح های آبخیزداری

چالش های مناطق روستایی از جمله فقر، بیکاری و مهاجرت موجب شده توجه به توسعه روستایی نه یک گزینه بلکه یک ضرورت انکار ناپذیر باشد. اجرای طرح های آبخیزداری علاوه بر حفظ منابع آب، خاک و گیاه، برای مناطق روستایی فرصت های شغلی ایجاد می کند. موفقیت چنین طرح هایی تا حدود زیادی به مشارکت روستاییان در اجرا، حفظ و نگهداری آنها بستگی دارد. شناسایی موانع مشارکت روستاییان به مدیران محلی کمک می کند با ایجاد زمینه های لازم و حذف موانعی همچون موانع فرهنگی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی، مشارکت حداکثری مردم را ایجاد نمایند. تحقیق حاضر با هدف شناخت این موانع در حوضه قلعه شاهرخ چادگان صورت گرفت. این تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و جامعه آماری آن را سرپرستان خانوار (700 =n) تشکیل می دهد. بر اساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 250 سرپرست خانوار به روش تصادفی انتخاب و مورد پرسش قرار گرفتند. روایی پرسشنامه توسط کارشناسان مورد تایید قرار گرفت و پایایی آن نیز بر اساس مقدار آلفای کرونباخ در حد مناسب تشخیص داده شد. نتایج تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزارهای spss و amos نشان داد که در مجموع میزان مشارکت پاسخگویان در این طرح ها در سطح پایین قرار دارد. بر اساس نتایج، مهم ترین موانع مشارکت روستاییان منطقه در طرح های آبخیزداری، «پایین بودن سطح آگاهی روستاییان از طرح ها»، «اعتقاد به بی تاثیر بودن اجرای پروژه ها در اشتغال زایی» و «عدم اعتقاد روستاییان به مفید بودن طرح های آبخیزداری» بودند. نتایج همبستگی چندگانه و تحلیل مسیر نیز نشان داد که عوامل فرهنگی از موانع اصلی مشارکت روستاییان در طرح های آبخیزداری است.

barriers to the participation of villagers in qaleh shahrokh chadegan basin in watershed management plans

introductionmany experts and practitioners stated that sustainable development is more probable through social capital or participation and social trust. by involving local people in the watershed management process, users’ technical and analytical skills are improved. in evaluating watershed management projects, so far, mainly technical goals to reduce nature reactions have been considered by designers and planners; however, the human factor in the design, evaluation and achievement of socio-economic goals of the project has received less attention. therefore, it will be necessary to pay more attention in this regard. in qaleh shahrerokh basin, various watershed management projects have been implemented that have different effects on environmental factors, and consequently, socio-economic conditions in the region. according to the researchers, the study of the factors affecting the participation and also the internal effect of each factor on each other is one of the tasks that should be done before, during and after the implementation of such projects. the present study aims to identify barriers affecting the participation of the villagers using multiple correlation and path analysis to help local managers to be more successful in planning and implementing future watershed management projects with maximum participation. methodologythe present study is a non-experimental and descriptive-analytical study. the statistical population of this study consists of all heads of households in qaleh shahrokh village of chadegan city. according to the statistical population, the sample size was obtained using the cochran’s formula with a 5% error rate, which was considered 250 for greater accuracy. the data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by professors and experts of isfahan agricultural and natural resources research center. to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, a pre-test was performed, in which the calculated cronbach’s alpha value was obtained for the main scales of the questionnaire. spss and amos software were used to analyze the collected data by multiple correlation and path analysis.discussion and conclusionthe research findings showed that the level of participation of respondents in watershed management projects is low. the continuation of this situation can make difficulties for the implementation and maintenance of future watershed management projects in the region, and cost a lot of money imposed on the government to maintain and develop plans. regarding the level of familiarity of villagers with watershed management plans, the results showed that in general the level of familiarity and knowledge of respondents about different dimensions of watershed management plans was low and this factor is one of the important reasons for the low level of rural participation in watershed management projects. this problem indicates the lack of extension and educational activities of watershed management project implementers before the implementation of the projects. these results show that unless the villagers have a good level of awareness about plans and projects and have a negative mindset about job creation and the positive impact of watershed management projects, they will be indifferent such plans. the results of multiple correlation and path analysis showed that cultural factors play a key role in the non-participation of villagers in watershed management projects and other factors do not directly affect participation. this result indicates that the knowledge and awareness of the residents of the region about the goals and results of watershed management projects should be increased in order to lead to gaining trust and maximum participation in the implementation, maintenance and maintenance of such projects.