پژوهشی در حوزه فرهنگی و تمدنی ایران نمونه موردی: کردستان عراق

ایران فرهنگی قلمرو وسیعی است که به مراتب از محدوده مرزهای سیاسی کنونی فراتر می‌رود. یکی از مناطقی که در حوزه قلمرو فرهنگی ایران قرار می‌گیرد، مناطق کردنشین و به‌ویژه منطقه‌ی کردستان عراق است که در این پژوهش مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش پژوهش این نوشتار تاریخیتحلیلی است که با استناد به مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و بررسی‌های میدانی انجام گرفته است. پرسش‌های اصلی نوشتار حاضر این است که نخست عناصر مهم روابط و پیوستگی کردهای عراق و ایران کدامند؟ و دوم این‌که برای تقویت این ارتباط بر چه عناصری در این حوزه می‌توان تاکید بیشتری نمود؟ پاسخ این پرسش‌ها را می‌توان در قالب فرصیه‌هایی این‌گونه بیان داشت، پیوستگی کُرد و کردستان به‌ویژه کردستان عراق با فرهنگ و تمدن ایرانی موضوع مهمی است که براساس عناصر بنیادی متعددی همانند: نژاد، زبان، دین و آیین، آداب و رسوم اجتماعی، آثار باستانی و سیر تحولات سیاسی قابل مطالعه و بررسی است. یکی از ارکان اساسی پیوندهای فرهنگی کردها و از جمله کردهای عراق با ایران و ایرانیان، موضوع پیوستگی نژادی است. دیدگاه‌های مختلفی درباره‌ی ریشه‌ی نژادی کردها وجود دارد که بعضی از آن‌ها جنبه‌ی اسطوره و افسانه‌ای دارند و برخی نیز مبتنی‌بر رویکردی تاریخی و به استناد شواهد و کاوش‌های باستان‌شناسی و یافته‌های علمی هستند. برآیند این تحقیق نشان داد که آن‌چه بیش از هر چیز دارای اهمیت است، تاکید و توجه بر استمرار روابط و تاکید بر مشترکات فرهنگی و پیوستگی نژادی است که کردهای عراق با ایرانیان داشته و ضروری است که این پیوندها ارتقاء یابند.

Research on the Iranian Culture: Case Study Iraqi Kurdistan

Iranian Culture scope is far wider than the range of the current political boundaries one of the areas located in the territory of Iran is Iraqi Kurdistan. The main questions of this paper is that are Iran and Iraqi Kurds are important elements of the relationships and continuity? And the second, emphasizing on what elements would made to strengthen their relationship? The answer of this questions can be stated as follows, coherence, and particularly Iraqi Kurdistan, Kurdish culture is an important issue on the basis of several basic elements, such as race, language, religion, social customs, artefacts and political evolution study and review. One of the fundamental pillars of cultural ties with Iranian and the Iraqi Kurds is the racial integration issue. Although there are different views on the origins of Kurds ethnicity, but some aspects of myth and legend, and some historical approach is based on scientific findings and evidence from archeological excavations. One of the fundamental pillars of cultural ties with Iran, the Kurds and the Iraqi Kurds is the issue of racial integration. There are different views about the origins of ethnic Kurds, some aspects of myth and legend, and some historical approach based on evidencebased and scientific archaeological excavations and findings are: A) David McDowell writes: “There are many legends about the origin and Kurds ethnic group, legend says that children born Kurds who fled from oppression Zkhak cannibals in the mountains have been hidden. The myth that binds people to the mountain. “. Masoudi Gold writes on promoting the grandson of the Iranians who fled the bloody Zkhak, this narrative has better pictured by Ferdowsi in Shahnameh order. Zhak was an unjust and oppressive king, who was the dominant force in Iran on his shoulders there were two snakes by which were eat two young men’s brain daily. After some food for snakes, one of the young people secretly was sent to the mountains and the young’s brain were mixed with sheep brain to feed the snakes. So young people who survived and fled to the mountains are the ancestors of the Kurds. Finally, with the uprising of Kaveh and Fereydoun King, Zhak was killed. Some other Kurdish legends originates from the time of Noah and Solomon. Few people know the root of Kurds, Arabs and Turks. Fans of Arabic origin and Turkish Kurds are very rare among the Kurds. If that Zhak not one, but a family of rulers who seized Svryh and a thousand years they have ruled against the government (Lvrdhv) is located in the north of the country and were regularly attacked Zhakyan, some Iranian nomads transferred to Kurdistan, where they are located, the Iranian tribes gradually rule (Lvrdhv) dominate, and they were erased and the ancestors make up. Sharaf Khan Bdlysy the famous historian of the Ottoman Kurdish region of “Shrfnamh”, he was the first and oldest source about the history of the Persian language, is also quoted Zkhak story and it is considered as a valid reference. Remind about Zhak and quoted James Morier [morier] (second trip in 1812), it is noteworthy that at the time, on 31 August every year in Damavand, a celebration in honor of the release of the oppression of the tyrant king were held the “Kurdish party” was known.