The Knowledge Integration Perspective on the Issue of Determining the Time for the Beginning of Fajr Prayer

The knowledge integration perspective between shariahand astronomy is structured as the framework tostudy the issue of determining the time for the beginningof fajr prayer. as such, the dawn sky observationwas conducted at pantai bak-bak, kudat, sabahusing the sqm-lu instrument. the sun’s altitude then was obtained and the appropriate value to indicateboth the dawn of ṣādiq at the observation site at thattime and the beginning of fajr prayer time is -20.174°± 0.170°. as a reflection from the knowledge integrationperspective, the value is not strong enough as itwas obtained only from the graph analysis with nodata recorded from the naked-eye observation andthe dslr camera due to the local sky conditions andcloudy horizon. the best value of observation can beconsidered as a result of the knowledge integrationbetween methods in shariah and astronomy, especiallywith the combination of the naked-eye observationas the foundation and then strengthen with theastronomical approach through mathematical calculation and aided-eye observation in the field.