The interaction mechanism of a soil mass-tunnel-fault system for tunnel on fault rupture

The earth mass around a fault trace are highly affected by the fault wall movement. these deformations within the soil mass and for the ground surface are affected by the type,direction,and magnitude of the fault wall movement and the formed shear zone around the fault fracture line. the existence of any buried structure on/or close to the fault rupture may affect the deformations pattern within the soil mass and the ground surface deformation profile. this paper studies the case of the pressure of an inclined normal fault on the deformation behavior of the earth mass and on the displacements and the mobilized straining actions inside the tunnel walls,by means of two dimensional finite element simulations using a validated numerical model. the case of free field is studied first and then the mechanism of the fault- earth mass- tunnel system. results for different fault movement values and different tunnel burial depths are presented.