گردشگری و هویت ملی-قومی: تحلیل کتاب‏ سنجی

گردشگری از یک سو می‏تواند سبب تقویت هویت‏های ملی-قومی و از سوی دیگر، منجر به کمرنگ شدن آن ها گردد. بعلاوه، هویت ملی-قومی از جمله موانع در مقابل روند سریع همگون شدن فرهنگ ها تحت تاثیر جهانی شدن است. با توجه به بیش از پنج دهه مطالعه پیرامون گردشگری و هویت ملی-قومی، و فقدان مرور جامع پژوهش‏های پیشین، هدف از مطالعه حاضر مرور کمی این پژوهش‏ها با استفاده از تحلیل کتاب‏سنجی می باشد. برای این منظور، تحلیل عملکرد و ترسیم نقشه علم 383 سند نمایه شده در پایگاه اسکوپوس با استفاده از نرم افزارvosviewer_1.6.18 به منظور شناخت ساختار اجتماعی و مفهومی پژوهش‏ها انجام شد. یافته‏ها نشان داد که گردشگری میراث بویژه در میان مهاجران، بازنمایی هویت ملی-قومی در میان گردشگران خروجی و همچنین بازنمایی از هویت ملی-قومی مقصد از طریق گردشگری از جمله موضوع‏های پژوهشهای دهه اخیر بوده اند که می‏توانند در مطالعات آتی نیز مورد توجه قرار گیرند.

tourism, national and ethnic identities: a bibliometric analysis

tourism can, on the one hand, strengthen national and ethnic identities, and on the other hand, it can accelerate fading of these identities. in addition, national-ethnic identity is one of the obstacles against rapid cultural homogenization due to globalization. considering more than five decades of research on tourism and national-ethnic identity, and the lack of a comprehensive review of literature, this study aims to conduct a quantitative literature review using bibliometric analysis. performance analysis and science mapping of 383 documents indexed in the scopus database were performed using vosviewer_1.6.18 software in order to understand the social and conceptual structure of the research field. the findings revealed that in the last decade research on heritage tourism among diaspora and immigrants, outbound tourists’ representation of their national-ethnic identity, and the representation of the destinations’ national-ethnic identity through tourism have been among the hot topics that can also be considered in future studies.introduction tourism can leave dual effects on national and ethnic identities: on the one hand, it can strengthen these collective identities, and on the other hand, as one of the drivers of cultural globalization, it can accelerate fading of national-ethnic identities. in addition, national-ethnic identity is one of the obstacles against rapid cultural homogenization due to globalization. considering more than five decades of research on tourism and national-ethnic identity, and the lack of a comprehensive and systematic review of literature, the present study aims to conduct a quantitative literature review using bibliometric analysis.materials and methodsthe statistical population of the current research was documents in the field of national identity, ethnic identity, and tourism, which were indexed in the scopus database. a systematic search on the scopus database on december 23, 2021, revealed 338 records (including journal articles, book chapters, and conference papers) with “national identity” or “ethnic identity” and “tourism” in their title, abstract, or keywords. performance analysis and science mapping using vosviewer_1.6.18 software were conducted in order to identify the most influential documents, authors, sources, institutions, and countries, and also to understand the social and conceptual structure of the research field.discussion and resultsresults demonstrated that research on national-ethnic identity and tourism has grown significantly since 1976, with most articles published in 2021. the most influential documents were‏ packer et al. (2019), park (2010), wang et al. (2021), and zhang et al. (2018), respectively, given their normalized citations. countries with the most documents and citations were united states, united kingdom, and australia. the most influential authors were morais d.b., smith a., bhandari k., and palmer c., respectively, according to their normalized citations. performance analysis also revealed the most influential sources and institutions. citation analysis was performed to identify the relationships among the most influential publications. co-authorship analysis showed the social structure of the research field based on interactions among authors, institutions, and countries. co-word analysis revealed three clusters that can be categorized as “heritage tourism and national identity”, “ethnic identity” and “immigration and cultural identity” according to their themes.conclusionsthe findings revealed that in the last decade research on heritage tourism among diaspora and immigrants has increased. in addition, the outbound tourists’ representation of their national-ethnic identity and the representation of the destinations’ national-ethnic identity through tourism have been among the hot topics of recent research that can also be considered in future studies.