چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های آموزش مجازی از دیدگاه دانشجو معلمان دانشگاه فرهنگیان (مطالعه موردی: دانشگاه فرهنگیان استان کردستان)

ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و اﻫﺪاف: آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزی، ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎراداﯾﻢ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺪرن، در ﭘﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﯾﮏ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮاﻫﻢﮐﺮدن ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی ﯾﺎددﻫﯽ و ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻓﻨﺎوری ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی، ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژی و دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزی از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﺘﻘﺮاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ 1245 داﻧﺸﺠﻮی ﭘﺴﺮ و 491 داﻧﺸﺠﻮی دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1400-1401 و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻣﮑﺘﻮب ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع در ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎهﻫﺎی اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ داﺧﻠﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ از ﺳﺎل 2019 ﺗﺎ 2022 ﺑﻮد. روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﯽ و رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮای ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﮑﺘﻮب ﻧﯿﺰ، ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای اﺳﺘﻘﺮاﯾﯽ، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﮐﺪﮔﺬاری ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزی در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ 1( ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی درونﻓﺮدی، 2( ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی ﺑﺮونﻓﺮدی، 3( ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، 4( ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، 5( ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و 22 زﯾﺮﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزی ﻧﯿﺰ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ 1( ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯽ، 2( ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، 3( ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، 4( ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎت ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی و 12 زﯾﺮﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪی ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدﺷﺪه را در راﺳﺘﺎی ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ و ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎزی ﺑﺮای ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎی ﻣﺬﮐﻮر و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزی داﻧﺸﮕﺎه در آﯾﻨﺪه، ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﻨد

challenges and opportunities of virtual education from the viewpoint of student teachers of farhangian university (case study: farhangian university of kurdistan)

background and objectives: virtual education, as a new paradigm in modern education, seeks to create an interactive learning environment and provide teaching and learning opportunities through technology based on the three concepts of learning, technology, and access. the aim of this research was to investigate the challenges and opportunities of virtual education from the viewpoint of student teachers of farhangian university of kurdistan province. methods: the method of qualitative content analysis with inductive approach was used. the research community included all student teachers of farhangian university of kurdistan province, including 1245 male and 491 female students (academic year of 2021-2022) as well as written scientific resources in reliable databases from 2019 to 2022. the sampling method of student teachers was purposeful and based on reaching theoretical saturation. for the sampling of scientific sources, those sources that were more related to the research topic were selected purposefully. findings: the data was analyzed and coded by inductive content analysis and finally the challenges of virtual education extracted in the five final categories: 1) intrapersonal challenges, 2) extrapersonal challenges, 3) challenges related to the university, 4) educational challenges, 5) challenges related to educators. also opportunities of virtual education extracted into four final categories: 1) personal opportunities, 2) organizational opportunities, 3) educational opportunities, 4) formation of learning communities. conclusion: so, it is recommended to be considered the practical suggestions presented to facilitate the management of the farhangian university's virtual education in the future.