synthesis and characterization of nanostructured lipid carriers containing tretinoin and grape seed oil using hot homogenization and ultrasonic waves

Background: this study focuses on the formulation and characterization of nanostructured lipidcarriers (nlcs) containing tretinoin, a vitamin a derivative known for its anti-aging and anti-acne properties. the primary objective was to enhance drug loading capacity and reduce skin irritation while prolonging the duration of action.materials and methods: utilizing hot homogenization and ultrasound methods, 26 different formulations were developed, varying lipid and surfactant percentages, as well as ratios of tween to span. the optimized nlcs were assessed for morphology, particle size, and zeta potential, revealing that increasing lipid and tretinoin concentrations led to larger sizes and a consistent zeta potential. morphological analysis confirmed the spherical nature of the nanoparticles, and ftir spectroscopy indicated successful drug encapsulation.results: the optimal formulation comprised 2% lipid, 2% surfactant, and 0.01% tretinoin, achieving a particle size of 253.4 nm and a polydispersity index (pdi) of 0.241.conclusion: overall, these results underscore the promise of nlcs in advancing topical drug delivery systems, paving the way for future clinical applications and further research into their efficacy and safety in diverse dermatological conditions.