ارزیابی نقش شهرک صنعتی البرز در شاخص ‌های توسعۀ پایدار روستایی

هدف: هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی تاثیر شهرک‌های صنعتی البرز در استان قزوین بر میزان پایداری روستاهای پیرامونی آن و همچنین، ارزیابی تاثیر فاصله از شهرک صنعتی بر پایداری شاخص های توسعۀ روستایی می‌باشد.روش: این تحقیق از نوع علّیهم‌بستگی و روش تحقیق نیز توصیفی– تحلیلی بوده و برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از ابزار پرسش‌نامه استفاده شده است. جامعۀ آماری مورد مطالعه شامل روستاهای بخش مرکزی شهرستان البرز می باشد که طبق سرشماری 1390 در مجموع دارای 15907 نفر است و جامعۀ نمونه طبق فرمول کوکران 317 نفر برآورد شده است. انتخاب جامعۀ نمونه جهت تکمیل پرسش‌نامه‌های میدانی به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک بوده است و تعداد نمونه‌ها نیز به روش طبقه‌ای و بر مبنای نسبت جمعیت توزیع شده است.یافته‌ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد تاثیرات شهرک صنعتی بر روستاهای پیرامونی خود در سطح متوسطی قرار دارد و این پیامدها در ابعاد مختلف با هم هم‌سو نیستند. همچنین، با فاصله از شهرک صنعتی البرز از میزان پایداری روستاها در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و کالبدی کاسته و بر میزان پایداری‌های زیست‌محیطی افزوده می‌شود.محدودیت‌ها: عدم امکان دسترسی به داده‌های اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی، عدم همکاری مدیریت شهرک صنعتی البرزراهکارهای عملی: با توجه به نتایج تحقیق تهیۀ طرح‌های لازم در چهارچوب طرح‌های سامان‌دهی زیست‌محیطی و کالبدی، استقرار صنایع مرتبط با تولیدات روستاهای منطقه در شهرک صنعتی البرز و جذب نیروهای متخصص بومی می‌تواند بر تاثیرات مثبت این شهرک در روستاهای پیرامونی بیفزاید.اصالت و ارزش: شهرک‌های صنعتی ذاتاً دارای صنایع شهری هستند؛ اما پیامدهای قابل توجهی بر تحولات توسعۀ نواحی روستایی پیرامونی خود می‌گذارند. از این رو، واجد بررسی و اهمیت هستند؛ علاوه بر آن، به‌کارگیری روش سنجش پایداری پرسکات آلن برای ارزیابی میزان تاثیرات شهرک صنعتی در شاخص‌های توسعۀ روستایی نیز جزء نوآوری‌های این مقاله می‌باشد.

Assessment the Role of Alborz Industrial City in the Rural Sustainable Development Indicators

Extended abstract1. INTRODUCTION The establishment of industrial towns in Iran has been along with an emphasis on the global efforts to apply local potentials as well as paving the way for the regional development. The initial efforts in Iran to establish industrial areas began in 1933 in Karaj. In this framework, Alborz Industrial City which was started in 1967 around the village of Alvand in a 900acre area followed two main goals: "industrial decentralization from Tehran " and "development of Qazvin as a separation area between Tehran and western as well as eastern areas ". With these changes, the village of Alvand has turned to a town in 1361 and the villages around it started getting developed. Finally, in 2004 this area was recognized as a town around Qazvin. The development of the Alborz Industrial City during the last years has affected the mobility and sustainability of the adjacent villages. The longitudinal as well as the population development of this city is a prominent example of this issue. It is expected that this developmental process influences the features of adjacent villages. Therefore, we can evaluate the influence of this city on the sustainability of the features of development of adjacent villages through a reliable as well as novel technique. This is why in this research we have tried to apply Prescott Allen method to analyze the issue and answer the following questions: what is the level of sustainability of the villages adjacent to Alborz Industrial City? Do these features and the various aspects of sustainability in the adjacent villages go on the same direction? Is there a significant relationship between the distant of the adjacent villages of Alborz Industrial City and the level of sustainability of these villages being studied?2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKNowadays, the issue of sustainability is the most significant issue in all activities and the plans of rural development. The notion of sustainability in the framework of this research reveals the balance and mobility of rural residential areas related to the ecologicalnatural, socialcultural and contextualspacial structures. It seems that the development of industry guarantees the sustainability of the areas adjacent to it through timespacial processes. Instead of focusing on just the economical aspect, the sustainable development designs a philosophy of social as well as environmental aspects in an economic viewpoint and monitors it in the atmosphere around it. In fact, the simultaneous function of these three aspects lead to welfare, poverty uproot and everyone 's exposure to good life as well as development of the future generations ' exposure to the environmental resources available in the rural areas. Reaching these goals also requires some changes and corrections in the rural industrial planning such as industrial cities and industrial areas as well as the evaluation of various aspects of sustainable development.3. METHODOLOGYThe present research is fundamental in terms of goal and scientific in terms of method. In this research, questionnaires have been used to gather information from the studying society. The statistical community of the research included the residents of the villages "Piryusefian " and "Nosratabad " in Alvand town. The samples were selected from the local society in a random systematic way. The distribution ratio of the samples in this study was stagebased and based on the population of the villages. Two models of Prescott Allen sustainability barometer and the development features of the sustainability of radar were evaluated in this research. The selected features relevant to the development sustainability included 5 social factors, 4 economic factors, 4 contextual factors and 3 environmental factors. Each of the abovementioned factors include some subfactors that consist of 23 social subfactors, 15 economic subfactors, 17 environmental subfactors and 16 contextual subfactors.4. DISCUSSIONThe findings show that the expense of households In terms of income and employment, economic wellfare and economic justice, the under studying villages are in an average level of sustainability and in terms of economic stability, they are in a potential instability level. In terms of economic factors, the villages of "Mashaldar " in the district of "Piryusefian " and "Kochar " in the district of "Nosratabad " have got a better level of sustainability and are in an average level of sustainability. In terms of the environment, both districts have got average levels relevant to environmental variation. Generally, in terms of local community, the sustainability of the villages of "Piryusefian " district including "Mashaldar, Ghadimabad, and Piryusefian " are in an instable situation and in terms of society, environment and context, they are in an average level of sustainability. Also the villages of "Nosratabad " district including "Kochar, Kamalabad and Hasnabad " are in an average level of sustainability in terms of economy, environment and context and they are in a potential sustainability level in terms of society. The analysis of the findings reveals significant relationships between sustainability in term of context and sustainability level in term of society. The analysis of the level of sustainability correlational as a dependent variable and the distance as an independent variable demonstrates that as the distant of the studying villages increase from Alborz Industrial City, the level environmental sustainability in the rural areas increases as well. Also by the increase of the distance of the villages from the Alborz Industrial City, the level of economic, social and contextual sustainability decreases5. CONCLUSIONThe findings of this research reveal that those villages closer to Alborz Industrial City are more sustainable in all aspects except environmental one. Also this study showed that being close to Alborz Industrial City has not led to the fall of environmental sustainability features critically. According to the analyses and findings, in seems critical to find efficient solutions in order to prevent turning useful agricultural lands to industrial and nonagricultural ones in the framework of providing a complete plan or establishment of centralized rural residential areas. Also according to the low number of industries and factories work based on the products produced in the adjacent villages, the presence of this city has not yet led to the complete or high sustainability of the economic features among the resident families.