اثرات ضدمیکروبی، آنتی اکسیدانی و مهارکنندگی کافئین بر فعالیت آنزیمی، نشت الکترولیت و رشد چند گونه گیاهی

ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺗﺮی ﻣﺘﻴﻞ ﮔﺰاﻧﺘﻴﻦ آﻟﻜﺎﻟﻮﺋﻴﺪی ﻣﺸﺘﻖ از ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﭘﻮرﻳﻨﻲ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ در ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰم دﻓﺎﻋﻲ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ آﻓﺖﻫﺎ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ آﺳﻴﺐرﺳﺎن اﺳﺖ. در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺸﺖ ﻳﻮﻧﻲ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﻼزی ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ، آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ و دﮔﺮآﺳﻴﺒﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ در ﮔﻨﺪم، ﺟﻮ و ﻛﻨﺠﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ روش ﻓﺎﻛﻨﻮرﻳﻞ و در ﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ دو ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم، ﺟﻮ، ﻛﻨﺠﺪ و ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ 2/0، 1/0، 05/0 و 025/0 ﻣﻴﻠﻲﻣﻮﻻر اﻧﺠﺎم و ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن داﻧﻜﻦ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ 0/2 ﻣﻴﻠﻲﻣﻮﻻر ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی رﺷﺪ ﻃﻮل ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل رﻳﺸﻪ ﭼﻪ، وزن ﺑﺮگ و وزن رﻳﺸﻪﭼﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ را ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎی ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ، ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ. ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲﻛﻞ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ و ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺟﻮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد. وﻳﮋﮔﻲ آﻧﺘﻲاﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ و ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮد. ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ 20mm ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﺬر و رﻳﺸﻪﭼﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﺟﻮ را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داد. اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ زﻧﺪه ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ آﺳﻴﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻴﺖ ﻏﺸﺎﻫﺎی ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ و ﻧﺸﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﻼزی را ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮی ﻏﻴﺮواﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﻣﻬﺎر ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﻼزی ﺑﻮده، اﺛﺮات دﮔﺮآﺳﻴﺒﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻗﻮی، اﺛﺮ ﺿﺪﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﺿﻌﻴﻒ و وﻳﮋﮔﻲ آﻧﺘﻲاﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ دارد. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت دﮔﺮآﺳﻴﺒﻲ و ﺿﺪﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ در زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻠﻔﻬﺎیﻫﺮز و آﻓﺎت ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. وﻳﮋﮔﻲ آﻧﺘﻲاﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ و ﺿﺪﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ در درﻣﺎن و داروﺳﺎزی ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺸﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻣﻴﻼزی، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و درک ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎی ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ اﺛﺮات زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ.

antimicrobial, antioxidant and inhibitory effects of caffeine on enzymatic activity, electrolyte leakage and growth of several plant species

caffeine is an alkaloid from the family of methyl xanthines. caffeine synthesis is a protective mechanism of plants against harmful agents. in this study, antibacterial, antioxidant, and caffeine effects on ion leakage, amylase activity and allelopathic effects of caffeine in wheat, barley and sesame were evaluated. the experiment was designed using factorial method in terms of two factors wheat, barley, sesame and caffeine concentrations 0. 025, 0.5, 0.1 and 0.2 mm . the significance of the differences was evaluated by duncan test. in concentrations of less than 0.2 mm, the sensitivity of these three species to caffeine was significantly different. in barley compared to wheat, germination indices total germination, speed of germination and coefficient of the rate of germination were more sensitive to caffeine. in this study, caffeine did not showed a significant antibacterial effect. the antioxidant properties of caffeine were also significant. caffeine 20 mm increased the electrical conductivity of the peripheral solution of the seeds and root of wheat and barley. the results showed that caffeine inhibits amylase activity, has relatively strong allelopathic effects, a relatively weak antibacterial effect and a significant antioxidant effect. allopathic and anti microbial studies of caffeine can be used control weeds and pests and the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of caffeine can be used in the pharmaceutical industry. caffeine effects study on electrolyte leakage, electrical conductivity and amylase activity will improve understanding the cellular mechanisms of these effects.