مقایسه برخی شاخص‌های سرم و موکوس پوست ماهی کپور معمولی (cyprinus carpio) در مواجهه با تنش شوری

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ذاﺗﯽ ﺳﺮم و ﻣﻮﮐﻮس ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ cyprinus carpio در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر 180ﻋﺪد ﺑﭽﻪﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﭘﺮورﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزن 50±0/62ﮔﺮم ﺗﻬﯿﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ آﺑﺰیﭘﺮوری ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻓﻀﻠﯽ ﺑﺮآﺑﺎدی داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺷﯿﻼت و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺮﮔﺎن اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﭘﺲ از دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎری، آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 3 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آب ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﻮری ppt 0/2 ، ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آب ﻟﺐﺷﻮر ﺷﻮری ppt 7 و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آب ﺷﻮر درﯾﺎ ی ﺧﺰر و ﺷﻮریppt 14 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ آب درﯾﺎ از ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ . ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ذاﺗﯽ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل، آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز و ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداری از ﺳﺮم و ﻣﻮﮐﻮس ﭘﻮﺳﺖ در ﺳﻪ ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺠﺰا ﺷﺎﻣﻞ روز ﺳﻮم، روز ﺷﺸﻢ و روز ﻧﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ از در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮریﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺗﺎم ﺳﺮم در ﺷﻮریﻫﺎی ppt 7 و 14 ppt ﺗﺎ روز ﺳﻮم ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری داﺷﺖ و در روزﻫﺎی ﺷﺸﻢ و ﻧﻬﻢ دوﺑﺎره ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ. ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻣﻮﮐﻮس در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 14 ppt ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، در روز ﻧﻬﻢ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻨﺶ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻣﯿﺰان آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﺳﺮم در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 14 ppt از ﺷﺸﻤﯿﻦ روز ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺗﺎ روز ﻧﻬﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ روز ﺳﻮم و ﺷﺸﻢ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد 0/05>p . درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﻨﺶ، اﯾﻦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮد. روز ﻧﻬﻢ آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﻣﻮﮐﻮس در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 14 ppt اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری داﺷﺖ 0/05>p . ﻣﯿﺰان ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ ﺳﺮم در ﺷﻮری ﻫﺎی 7 و 14 ppt در روزﻫﺎی اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮری، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﯾﺎﻓﺖ 0/05>p . در ﺷﻮری 7 ppt، ﺗﺎ روز ﺳﻮم ﻣﯿﺰان ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ ﻣﻮﮐﻮس اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. از روز ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﺎ روز ﻧﻬﻢ روﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ آن ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری داﺷﺖ 0/05>p . و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ. در ﺷﻮری 14 ppt ﺗﺎ روز ﺳﻮم ﻣﯿﺰان ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ ﻣﻮﮐﻮس ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داﺷﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺎ روز ﺷﺸﻢ ﻧﯿﺰ اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮری ﮐﻪ در روز ﺷﺸﻢ ﻣﯿﺰان آن در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری داﺷﺖ 0/05>p . ﭘﺲ از آن ﺗﺎ روز ﻧﻬﻢ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ ﻣﻮﮐﻮس اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﯾﺎﻓﺖ 0/05>p . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻋﺪدی ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ در ﻣﻮﮐﻮس ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ 30 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ آن در ﺳﺮم ﺧﻮن ﺑﻮد. در اﻟﮕﻮی ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﯽ ﺳﺮم، ﻣﺤﺪودهی ﺑﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎی ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﯽ از 22-70 ﮐﯿﻠﻮداﻟﺘﻮن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. اﻟﮕﻮی ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﮐﻮس در ﻣﺤﺪودهی 9-70 ﮐﯿﻠﻮداﻟﺘﻮن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮری ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮم ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺷﻮری ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داری ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎی ﺳﺮﻣﯽ و ﻣﻮﮐﻮﺳﯽ و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻟﮕﻮی ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﯾﮕﺮی از اﺳﺘﺮس ﺷﻮری و اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻓﻮرز دو ﺑﻌﺪی و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﺑﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎی ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه، ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد

comparison of some parameters of blood serum and skin mucus in common carp (cyprinus carpio) exposed to salinity challenge

the present study was conducted to evaluate some of the intrinsic immunodeficiency characteristics of serum and cyprinus carpio in the face of salinity stress. in order to do so, 180 normal carp breeding fish with an average weight of 0.62 ± 50 g were prepared and transferred to shahid fazli barabadi aquaculture hall of gorgan university of fisheries and environment. after two weeks of adaptation, the experiment was performed in the form of 3 treatments including freshwater treatment salinity ppt2 / 0. , saline lip water treatment salinity ppt 7 and saline treatment of the caspian sea and salinity ppt 14 . sea water was prepared from gorgan bay . in order to determine the intrinsic safety indicators soluble protein, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme in response to salinity stress, sampling of serum and mucus of the skin in three separate time periods including the third, sixth and ninth day after exposure to various salutes were performed. total serum protein increased significantly at 7ppt and 14 ppt salts until the third day after salinity stress, and returned to normal on the sixth and ninth days before stress. the mucus solution protein in the 14 ppt treatment increased significantly on the ninth day after stress compared to the control treatment. serum alkaline phosphatase levels showed a significant increase in 14 ppt treatment from the sixth day of exposure to stress until the ninth day compared to the third and sixth days p >0.05 . this increase was not significant compared to before the stress. on the ninth day, alkaline phosphatase mucus increased significantly at 14 ppt treatment p >0.05 . serum lysozyme levels increased significantly at salinity levels of 7 and 14 ppt in the early days of exposure to salinity stress p >0.05 . at 7 ppt salinity, mucosal lysozyme levels increased significantly until the third day. from the sixth day to the ninth day, the process of change also increased significantly p >0.05 and returned to normal before stress. in salinity 14 ppt until day 3, mucosal lysozyme levels decreased. this decrease continued until the sixth day, so that on the sixth day its rate decreased significantly compared to before the stress p >0.05 . after that, until the ninth day, the amount of mucosal lysozyme increased significantly p >0.05 . also, the numerical values ​​of lysozyme activity in the skin mucus were several times higher in some treatments up to 30 times in the blood serum. in serum protein model, the range of protein bands from 70-22 kda was observed. mocus protein pattern was observed in the range of 70-9 kg. so that the density and number of bands was less than my head. overall, salinity changes had a significant effect on serum and mucosal indices and changes in the protein pattern of the common carp carp cyprinus carpio . based on the results of this study, it is recommended to use different levels of different levels of salinity stress and two-dimensional electrophoresis and detection of observed protein bands.