removal of p-chlorophenol from aqueous solution using ultraviolet/zerovalentiron (uv/zvi)/persulfate process

In this study, degradation of p-chlorophenol (p-cp) was evaluated using persulfate (ps) activated zerovalent iron (zvi) based ultraviolet (uv) in a bench scale photoreactor. the effect of operational parameters such as solution ph (3, 7, and 11), reaction time (0-60 minutes), zvi dosage (0.15, 1.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mm), ps concentration (0.5, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, and 4 mm), and initial p-cp concentration (0.22, 0.44, 0.88, 1.32, and 1.76 mm) were examined on the degradation of p-cp in batch experiments. the experimental results indicated that the p-cp removal rate significantly depends on operational parameters. the highest p-cp removal rate was achieved after 45 minutes (> 0.99%) in ph = 3, zvi = 1 mm, and ps = 3 mm, and with initial p-cp concentration = 0.44 mm. the results revealed that excess amount of ps and zvi could reversely affect p-cp removal efficiency. in addition, an increase in p-cp initial concentration from 0.22 to 1.76 mm significantly decreased its removal rate. this study indicated that ps activated zvi based uv process is practically feasible for the effective degradation of p-cp in aqueous solution.