moving bed sequenced batch reactor system in tetracycline antibiotic removal from real hospital wastewater

Background: water contamination by synthetic organic chemicals like antibiotics is a major environmental issue. tetracycline (tc), an antibiotic in a wide family, is notable. a moving bed sequenced batch reactor (mbsbr) is tested for treating hospital raw wastewater containing tc.methods: a 35-l pilot system was constructed, with 30 l usable. pvc suspended carriers (kaldnes k3) with 584.3 m2/m3 specific surface area made about 70% of the functional volume. the independent variables in this study were hydraulic retention duration (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 hours) and starting tc concentration (5, 10, and 15 mg/l).results: the findings of the study demonstrated satisfactory performance under the conditions of an initial tc concentration of 5 mg/l and an organic load of 350 mg/l. the overall removal efficiencies for tc, chemical oxygen demand (cod), and biological oxygen demand (bod5) were 72.8%, 83%, and 93.9%, respectively. the optimal performance of the system was primarily observed during the initial phase, characterized by a tc concentration of 5 mg/l and a hydraulic retention time (hrt) of 2.5 hours. the experimental results also indicated that the maximum removal efficiency was 1.8 kg cod/m2.day, as determined by a fitted surface loading rate (slr). furthermore, the food-tomicroorganism (f/m) ratio decreased from 0.101 to 0.038 as the hrt increased from 1 to 2.5 hours.conclusion: the results of the study indicate that the mbsbr exhibits a high level of efficiency in removing tc from hospital wastewater.