full scale optimization of chlorine injection pattern in khansar water distribution network using watergems

Chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant in the water treatment process for eliminating pathogenic microorganisms that may be present in the distribution network. maintaining minimum residual chlorine in water distribution networks is challenged by its decay over time and distance travelled. chlorine dosage must be optimized by adjusting its injection rates and placement. this study utilized watergems software to model the water network of khansar city and analyze its current chlorine levels. it was found that some end-of-line pipes had chlorine concentrations that fell below the standard limits. through optimization of chlorine dosing at the reservoirs while simultaneously reducing chlorine consumption, approximately 65% of the pipes with non-compliant chlorine levels were brought into compliance. additionally, 66% of the water volume that previously had insufficient chlorine now meets the standard and is delivered to consumers. it should be noted that these results were obtained at the same time as the amount of chlorine consumed daily decreased from 1130.4 to 656.7.