هیستومورفومتری و هیستوپاتولوژی روده ‏ی کوچک و بزرگ بره‏ های پرواری تغذیه شده با سرشاخه‎های کامل برهان (albizia lebbeck)

سابقه و هدف: صفات مورفولوژیک دستگاه گوارش یعنی بافت پوششی و پاپیلای شکمبه، پرزها و کریپت‏های روده‏ی کوچک مهمترین شاخص برای قضاوت در مورد ظرفیت هضم، متابولیسم، جذب و همچنین عملکرد تولید در آینده حیوانات هستند. درختان چند منظوره مانند برهان را می‏توان به عنوان منبع نیتروژن در جیره نشخوارکنندگان استفاده کرد. شاخ و برگ این درختان به عنوان یک منبع نیتروژن ارزان قیمت استفاده می‏شوند و نیز دارای انرژی، مواد معدنی و ویتامین‏ها می‏باشند. تانن، سیانید، اگزالات، ساپونین و وجود بازدارنده‏های تریپسین به عنوان ترکیبات ضد تغدیه‏ای برهان ذکر شده‏اند. غلظت بالای ترکیبات پلی فنولی موجود در گیاهان باعث ایجاد ضایعات بافتی، از دست دادن سلول‌های پوششی، فرسایش میکروویلی و کوتاه شدن ارتفاع پرزها می‏شود که باعث کاهش ظرفیت جذب مواد مغذی می‏شود. تانن‏ها می‏توانند سبب ممانعت از فعالیت میکروب‏ها شده و باعث عدم فعالیت اندوگلوکوناز خارج سلولی در برخی باکتری‏های هضم کننده فیبر شوند. لذا هدف از مطالعه‏ی حاضر بررسی هیستومورفومتری و هیستوپاتولوژی بافت روده کوچک و بزرگ بره‌های پرواری تغذیه شده با برگ و غلاف برهان به عنوان یک خوراک حاوی تانن و سایر ترکیبات پلی‌فنولی ثانویه بود. مواد و روش‏ها: در این آزمایش از 24 راس بره نر عربی پرواری 1.3 ± 8 ماهه با وزن اولیه‏ی 5.34 ± 28.8 کیلوگرم به مدت 60 روز استفاده شد. آزمایش در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصافی با 3 تیمار و 8 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل جیره‏ی شاهد، جیره شاهد + 50 و یا 75 درصد جایگزینی سرشاخه‌ی کامل برهان با یونجه بود. یافته‏ها: در بخش دئودنوم ارتفاع پرز و عمق کریپت در تیمار شاهد از سایر تیمارها بیشتر بود و نسبت به تیمار حاوی 75 درصد سرشاخه‏های کامل برهان معنی‏دار بود (0.05

Histomorphometry and histopathology of small and large intestine of fattening Arabi lambs fed with whole branches of Albizia lebbeck

Background and objectives: Morphological features of the gastrointestinal tract, namely the epithelial tissue and rumen papilla, villi, and crypts of the small intestine are the most important indicators for judging the digestibility capacity, metabolism, and absorption and production performance of animals in the future. Multipurpose trees such as Albizia lebbeck can be used as a source of nitrogen in ruminant diets. The foliage of these trees is used as an inexpensive source of nitrogen and also contains energy, minerals, and vitamins. Tannins, cyanides, oxalates, saponins, and trypsin inhibitors have been suggested as antinutritional compounds of Albizia lebbeck. High concentrations of polyphenolic compounds in plants cause tissue damage, loss of epithelial cells, microvilli erosion, and shortening of villi height, which reduces the ability to absorb nutrients. Tannins can inhibit microbial activity and inactivate extracellular endoglucanase in some fiberdigesting bacteria. Tannins can inhibit microbial activity and inactivate extracellular endoglucanase in some fiberdigesting bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the histomorphometry and histopathology of small and large intestinal tissue of fattening lambs fed foliage of Albizia lebbeck as a feed containing tannins and other secondary polyphenolic compounds.Materials and methods: In this experiment, Twentyfour fattening Arabian male lambs with eight months old and initial body weight of 28.8±5.34 kg were used for 60 days. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and eight replicates. The experimental treatments were: control diet (without Albizia lebbeck) and control + 50 and 75 percent complete branches of Albizia lebbeck replaced with alfalfa. Results: In the duodenum section, the villi height and crypt depth in the control treatment were higher than other treatments and were significant compared to the treatment containing 75% complete branches of the Albizia lebbeck (P <0.05). The villi width and villi area were also higher in the control treatment than other treatments (P <0.05). The thickness of the muscle layer in the treatment receiving 75% of the complete branches of the Albizia lebbeck was higher than other treatments (P <0.05). In the jejunum section, the villi height, villi width and villi area in the control treatment were higher than other treatments (P <0.05). The crypt depth in the control treatment was higher than other treatments and was significant compared to the treatment containing 50% complete branch of the Albizia lebbeck (P <0.05). The thickness of the muscle layer in the control treatment was higher than other treatments and was significant compared to the treatment containing 50% of the complete branches of Albizia lebbeck (P <0.05). In the ileum, the thickness of the muscle layer in the control treatment was higher than other treatments (P <0.05). Infiltration of inflammatory cells in the control treatment was higher in different parts of the intestine than other treatments. Feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency were not affected by experimental treatmentsConclusion: Compared to the control, In terms of Histopathology use of Albizia lebbeck reduced the penetration of inflammatory cells in the small intestine and large intestine; however, had no effect on feed intake and growth performance. The consumption of Albizia lebbeck is recommended in animals due to the presence of flavonoids, high levels of protein, reduce feed costs, positive tissue effects, and increase NDF digestibility.