تجزیه و تحلیل اقتصادی - اجتماعی صید شناورهای میگوگیر در آب‌های خلیج فارس (استان هرمزگان) و تعیین نقش آن در ایجاد اشتغال و درآمد در سال 1397

تحقیق حاضر به منظور ارزیابی شاخص‌های اقتصادیاجتماعی ناوگان میگوگیر در استان هرمزگان در سال 1397 انجام شد. داده های اقتصادی و اجتماعی مربوط به این شناورها که شامل اشتغال، سطح سواد، هزینه ها، وابستگی معیشت، سوددهی، راندمان سوخت و جمعیت‌شناسی می شود از طریق پرسشنامه جمع آوری شدند. از بین 171 شناور در سه کلاس1218، 1824 و 2430 به ترتیب 18، 29 و 10 شناور به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و داده‌های مربوطه ثبت و نتایج حاصل از آنالیزها به کل ناوگان تعمیم داده شد. تعداد اشتغال‌های ثابت ایجاد شده در این ناوگان، 964.3 و کل افرادی که به‌صورت ثابت، موقت و گردشی در این ناوگان اشتغال دارند 998.3 محاسبه شد. میانگین ساعت کاری سالانه هر فرد در این ناوگان 1938.7 ساعت محاسبه شد. اطلاعات جمعیت‌شناسی نشان داد که صیادان این ناوگان را افراد جوان با میانگین سنی 30.6 سال تشکیل می‌دهند. بررسی سطح تحصیلات نشان داد که حدود 25 درصد از افراد دارای دیپلم و بالاتر بوده و مابقی دارای تحصیلات ابتدایی هستند. تعداد افرادی که معیشت آن‌ها وابسته به این ناوگان است، 4238 نفر تخمین زده شد. بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، هزینه‌های پرسنلی بیش از نیمی از هزینه‌های عملیات صیادی را تشکیل می‌دهد. شاخص مصرف سوخت به ازای میزان صید در این فعالیت صیادی 28 درصد محاسبه شد. سهم فعالیت صیادی در تامین معیشت و درآمد افراد شاغل 92 درصد برآورد شد.

Socio-economic analysis of shrimp fishing fleet in the Persian Gulf waters (Hormozgan province ) and determining its role in creating employment and income in 2018

In order to evaluate the socioeconomic indicators of fishing activity of shrimp fleet in Hormozgan province, socioeconomic data were collected through a questionnaire (FAO, standard questionnaire form) that includes different variables related to this fishery. From 171 shrimp vessels in three classes 1218, 1824 and 2430, 18, 29 and 10 vessels were randomly selected and while interviewing their owners, the relevant data and information were recorded in a questionnaire and the results of the analysis were extended to the entire fleet. The collected data included employment, literacy level, costs, livelihood dependence, profitability, fuel efficiency and demography in 2018. The number of permanent jobs created by shrimp fishing fleet in Hormozgan provinces was 964.3 jobs. The fixed employment rate of each vessel was 8.5 people per vessel. The total number of job (permanently, temporarily and circulating) created by this fishery was calculated to be 998.3 and the average for each vessel was 8.8 people. The average annual working hours of each crew in shrimp fleet in 2018 in Hormozgan provinces was calculated to be 1938.7 hours. The average ratio of annual working hours of personnel based on the national scale (2107 hours) was /95, and based to international scale (2000 hours), it was calculated as 1.003. The results of the analysis showed that personnel costs, contributed for more than half of the fishing operating costs of the shrimp catch fleet. Remuneration of crew in shrimp fleet in Hormozgan province is based on fishing share that means personnel receive salaries only in case of fishing activities. Fishermen of Hormozgan province shrimp fleet are young people with an average age of 30.6 years. The analysis of literacy level showed that about 25% of crew had diploma and higher education and the rest (more than 75%) had primary education. The number of people whose livelihood depends on the shrimp fishing fleet in Hormozgan province was estimated to be 4238.3. Data analysis showed that the share of fishing activity in providing livelihood and income of people working in the shrimp fishing fleet in 2018 was 92%. Measurement of fuel consumption efficiency index for the amount of catch, showed that the shrimp fishing fleet of Hormozgan has used 11925.1 tonnes of fuel, for landing of 3324.8 tons of catch (shrimp and other fish species). In other words, fuel efficiency for the entire fleet was calculated to be 0.28 or 28%.