چالش های اجتماعی دولت سازی مدرن در افغانستان

Historical evidences show that state-building round in the third world and developing countries has not been carried out successfully and has been faced with the most challenges consist of: identity, legitimacy and nation- building crisis and religious- ethnic violence. in this research. the problem is that what do have been the important social challenges or impediments of state-building in today afghanistan? hypothesis is that, the most social challenges of state- building consist of: racial-ethnic cleavages, identity crisis and violence related to these cleavages, destructive role of talebanism and the it’s fanatic tribalism, cultural poverty and serious traditionalism of this society. in this research, this problem has been explained with the method of sociological-causal explanation. in recent century, the historical evidences show that, the racial-ethnic cleavages and identity crisis and violence’s related to these cleavages have been the most social challenges of state- building in afghanistan and in this perspective, the crisis in recent presidential elections has been analyzed.