پاسخ ژئوکالچر به «تصور تهدید»؛ واکاوی نقش موسسه کنفوسیوس در سیاست خارجی چین

اﻧﺠﺎم اﺻﻼﺣﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﭘﯿﺮو آن ﻇﻬﻮر ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻤﺖآﻣﯿﺰ ﭼﯿﻦ ﺳﺮآﻏﺎز ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﻗﺪرتﻫﺎی ﻏﺮﺑﯽ و ﻃﺮﻓﺪاران ارزشﻫﺎی ﻟﯿﺒﺮاﻟﯽ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻈﻢ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ اﯾﻦ ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺗﺼﻮر ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ از ﭼﯿﻦ در ﻧﻈﺎم ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ و ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﮐﺮدن ﻇﻬﻮر ﭼﯿﻦ در ﺳﻪ دﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ اذﻋﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﺰاﯾﻨﺪه ﭼﯿﻦ در ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻗﺪرت در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻔﺮوض ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﺗﺼﻮر ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ از ﭼﯿﻦ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻏﺮب ﺗﺪاوم دارد، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮی اﯾﻦ ﺗﺼﻮر ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﻼش ﭼﯿﻦ ﺑﺮای اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎت ﮐﻨﻔﻮﺳﯿﻮس ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ روﯾﮑﺮد ژﺋﻮﮐﺎﻟﭽﺮ در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺼﻮر را ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽداﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺼﻮر ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ از ﭼﯿﻦ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﻮرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﭼﯿﻦ از ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎت ﮐﻨﻔﻮﺳﯿﻮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ روﯾﮑﺮدی ژﺋﻮﮐﺎﻟﭽﺮ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺼﻮر ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد؟ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ادﻋﺎ اﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺼﻮر ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﭼﯿﻦ در ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﺘﯿﮏ-ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ - اﯾﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪی اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﮐﻨﻔﻮﺳﯿﻮس از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ و ﺗﻤﺪن ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪه ﭼﯿﻦ در درون ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﻪﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ اﺑﺰار ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ در ﺗﻠﻄﯿﻒ ﻓﻀﺎی ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و اﺻﻼح ﺑﺮداﺷﺖﻫﺎ از ﻧﯿﺎت و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭼﯿﻦ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ

Geoculture Response to “Threat Perception”:A look to Role of Confucius Institute in China Foreign Policy

Economic reforms and following that, China s peaceful rise was the beginning of the great powers and proponents of liberal values in structure of international order. The consequence of this concern has been some endeavors to try construct of China s threat perception in international system and stop China s rise. This article with confess to China s rising power in international relations and china s threat perception continuous constructing by the West, is seeking to acknowledge of the threat perception sources and how china s use of Confucius institute in its foreign policy as a geoculture attitude. The question that the article trying to answer it, is what are the main important sources of China s threat perception how the china uses of the Confucius institute as a geoculture approach? This article with descriptive explanative method argues Confucius institute acts as China s Foreign policy instrument to moderate the atmosphere of the constructed threat and reform of the views to intentions and actions of China by introducing history, culture and civilization of china. Findings of this research shows the China s threat perception sources can categorize in three part: geopolitic military, political ideological and economic.