infective endocarditis of trans-catheter aortic valve implantation: explanation of tavi and surgical bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement

Trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (tavi) is preferred in high surgical risk patients with severe aortic stenosis (as), especially bicuspid aortic valve (bav), over surgical aortic valve replacement (savr) because it is less invasive, does not require cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb), and less morbidity.tavi has been performed using either balloon expandable sapien (edwards lifesciences, irvine, ca) or self-expanding core-valve (medtronic, minneapolis, mn).patients experienced a tavi complication and were then subsequently reconsidered for savr. tavi grows with advanced time and technology. fortunately, its complications may occur that require savr.