ویژگی های روان ‌سنجی نسخه‌ فارسی مقیاس کوتاه شده‌ هیجان حین رقابت

اهداف: با توجه به نقش احساسات و هیجانات بر موفقیت در مسابقات ورزشی، هدف از پژوهش حاضر، روان سنجی نسخۀ فارسی مقیاس کوتاه شدۀ هیجان حین رقابت بود. مواد و روش ها: جامعه‌ آماری شامل بیش از 2700 دانشجوی ورزشکار شرکت کننده در پانزدهمین المپیاد فرهنگی ورزشی دانشجویان کشور به میزبانی دانشگاه تبریز بود که از این بین، 342 ورزشکار به شیوۀ در دسترس، مقیاس کوتاه شده‌ هیجان حین رقابت را تکمیل نمودند. این مقیاس حاوی ده سوال است که در مقیاس پنج درجه ای لیکرت سنجیده می شود. برای بررسی ساختار عاملی، سوالات مورد تحلیل اکتشافی به شیوه‌ مولفه های اصلی قرار گرفت. به منظور تعیین پایایی از آلفای کرونباخ و برای تعیین روایی سازه‌ مقیاس کوتاه شده‌ هیجان حین رقابت از تحلیل عاملی تاییدی استفاده شد. نتایج به کمک نرم افزار آموس نسخه‌ 24 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: ضریب آلفای کرونباخ مقیاس 0.89 و شاخص روایی محتوایی هر یک از گویه های مقیاس بالاتر از 0.78 برآورد شد. همچنین مشخص شد که پنج عامل در مجموع 89.17 درصد از واریانس کل را تبیین می کنند. نیز نتایج تحلیل عاملی تاییدی پژوهش نشان داد که تمام شاخص ها مثل جذر برآورد واریانس خطای تقریب، شاخص نکویی برازش، شاخص تعدیل شده‌ نکویی برازش و شاخص برازش تطبیقی در سطح قابل قبولی هستند. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به یافته ها، مقیاس کوتاه شده‌ هیجان حین رقابت با ده سوال، دارای روایی و پایایی مناسب است و می تواند فرصت های جدیدی را برای پژوهش در اختیار پژوهشگران قرار دهد. همچنین می توان از آن برای مطالعه و ارزیابی هیجانات ورزشکاران ایرانی در حین رقابت بهره گرفت.

psychometric properties of the brief in-competition emotion scale: the persian version

background and purpose  various studies have shown that athletes’ emotions can significantly affect their performance in sports competitions (hanin ekkekakis, 2014). emotions can be described as short-term and intense affective states triggered by specific stimuli, leading to distinct cognitive consequences (podoynitsyna et al., 2012). however, it is surprising that researchers have paid less attention to the field of performance and excitement during competition. many of the questionnaires often used in the literature related to excitement and competition to evaluate athletes’ emotions are mood measures and are used to examine emotions before or after the competition. therefore, the  goal of this research is to investigate and create a scale related to measuring excitement during competition.the brief in-competition emotion scale (bice) was introduced by freemantle et al. (2021), and comprises ten questions that assess five main components: anxiety, anger, dejection, excitement, and happiness. considering the multidimensional and fundamental nature of excitement in athletes during competition, evaluating the dimensions of the brief in-competition emotion scale seems necessary. the background of past studies also supports the importance of paying attention to the nature of this concept in sports and competitive activities. therefore, to develop an evaluation and prepare a suitable tool, the current research has tried to answer these questions: does the persian version of the brief in-competition emotion scale have the necessary validity? does the brief in-competition emotion scale have the required reliability ?materials and methodsthe research was conducted using a descriptive-contextualization method. the statistical population included over 2700 student-athletes participating in the 15th sports cultural olympiad of the country’s students hosted by tabriz university. 342 individuals participated in the research.as the first step in the implementation of the present study, permission to translate the scale was obtained from the original author, and then the scale was translated from english to persian using the translation-retranslation method. the athletes rated the importance of each item on a five-point likert scale to evaluate the face validity of the scale. the quantitative face validity was assessed by calculating the item impact factor, which ranged from 2.88 to 4.83. following this evaluation, no items were removed from the scale.to check the qualitative content validity, six experts in the field of sports psychology were invited to review the scale. also, to check the quantitative content validity of the scale, the professors were asked to complete the relevant forms to measure the content validity index (based on the three criteria of relevance, simplicity, and clarity of each item). the content validity index score was considered to be 0.78 and higher. after correcting the translation and meaning of the questions by experts and verifying their formal and content validity, the scale was distributed in the target community in an accessible form in two stages with the required number of samples. to determine the reliability of the scale in the statistical community of the research, in a preliminary study, 50 scale s were distributed, and the results of cronbach’s alpha test or the internal reliability of all subjects were α=0.89 for anxiety, α=0.76 for anger,  α=0.74 for depression, α=0.83 for arousal  and α=0.73 for happiness, all of which are above 0.7.