مطالعه و تحلیل جامعه شناختی نگرش به فساد اداری - اقتصادی ( مطالعه موردی: شهروندان شهر اهواز)

ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﺴﺎد را ﻋﻤﻞ و ﻛﺮداری ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ و ﺿﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءاﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻣﻮال دوﻟﺘﻲ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ در راﺳﺘﺎی اﻧﺘﻔﺎع ﺷﺨﺼﻲ و ﮔﺮوهی و در ﺷﻜﻞ ﻓﺮدی ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوهی تجلی ﭘﻴﺪا و ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ را ﻧﺎﻫﻤﻮار و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎی آن را ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ. ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان آﻣﺎدگی ذهنی ﭘﻨﻬﺎن ﭘﻴﺶ از ﻋﻤﻞ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮوز ﻛﻨﺶ ﻓﺴﺎداﻧﮕﻴﺰ و ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻓﻌﻠﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﺮ ﻓﺴﺎد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ،از روش ﻛﻤﻲ، ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ و اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮای ﮔﺮدآوری داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺑﺎﻻی 18 ﺳﺎل ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮی اﻫﻮاز ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﻴﺮی ﻃﺒﻘﻪای ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 383 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻓﺴﺎد، ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 46 درﺻﺪ( و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﻧﺪازه را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ از ﻣﻴﺎﻧ ﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ)2/12 ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﺤﺮز ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ را ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ. آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻧﻴﺰ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻓﺴﺎد را ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آن ﻣﺮدان ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ 2/26 آﻣﺎدﮔﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ از ﻋﻤﻞ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺗﺮی ﺑﻪ ﻓﺴﺎد در ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ زﻧﺎن دارﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎی دو ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮی ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از راﺑﻄﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻓﺴﺎد ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎی ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ، ﻣﻴﺰان اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﻴﺖ، ﻣﻴﺰان د ﻳﻨﺪاری و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻓﺎﻳﺪه داﺷﺘﻦ از ﺳﻮی ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﻳﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ 2^r ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﻌﺎدل 37 و ﻣﻘﺪار ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶsrmr ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 05/ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدن آن از ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻻزم ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ.

sociological study and analysis of attitudes toward corruption (case study: citizens of ahvaz)

in general, corruption is defined as a criminal and anti-society act that refers to the abuse of public and private property for personal and group gain and manifests in an individual or group form and makes the path of development uneven and multiplies its costs. slow attitude,as a hidden mental preparation before action,is one of the factors influencing the occurrence of corruptive actions, and the important issue of current research is to study the role of attitude on corruption.in this research, the quantitative method, survey and questionnaire tools are used to collect data and the methodology of this research is descriptive and correlational, and the statistical population of citizens over 18 years of age in the urban areas of ahvaz based on multi-stage random stratified sampling equals 383.the number of people is considered in proportion to each region.the results showed that the attitude towards corruption has the average value (46%) and the largest amount. it also has a relatively high average (2.12),which is not a good situation and shows the certainty of the social problem.the difference test also shows a significant relationship between the gender variable and the attitude towards corruption, and based on that, men have an average of 2.26 pre-action readiness and a more positive attitude towards corruption than women.the results of the two-variable analysis indicate the relationship between the attitude towards corruption and the variables of gender,degree of feeling of deprivation, degree of religiosity and the evaluation of the usefulness of the respondents.the coefficient of determination obtained is equivalent to 37/. and the quality evaluation value of srmr research path model is equal to 0.5. considering that it is less than the criterion, it can be concluded that the research path model has the necessary quality