ارزیاﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیداری ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ (ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮردی: ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ایران)

ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎیدار یکی از ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽآید. یکی از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیداری ﻣﺤﯿﻂ مدیریت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی زﻣﯿﻦ اﺳﺖ. در این راﺳﺘﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﺮوﮐﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎی اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، زیرا زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻻزم را ﺑﺮای ﭘﺎیداری اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و زیستﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽآورد. ﻫﺪف از این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ارزیاﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیداری ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﻪ ویژه در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﺮوﮐﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. در راﺳﺘﺎی دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮیف ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیداری ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازیم، آﻧﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﺎیداری را در آن دﺳﺘﻪ از ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﺮوﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی دادهاﻧﺪ، ارزیاﺑﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﯿﻢ. روش ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، روش ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮی ﺗﺎریخی ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎیج ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺻﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎیدار ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ در آﺛﺎر ﻣﺘﺮوﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺮاث ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ایران ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. از ﻃﺮف دیگر در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﺎیداری، ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎی زیستﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ این اﻣﺮ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﻋﺪم ﺑﻬﺮه‌وری در ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژی و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻧﺮژیﻫﺎی ﺗﺠﺪیدپذیر ﺟﺴﺖ.

Environment Sustainability through Adaptive Reuse (Case Study: Industrial Heritage of Iran)

Environmental sustainability is one of the crucial issues considered by practitioners of environment conservation. One of the major factors which affect the environment is land use management. Consequently, adaptive reuse of industrial vacant buildings has achieved great acceptance among developing countries in recent years, whereas it can provide economic, sociocultural, and ecological benefits to the environment. This research aims to identify the significance of adaptive reuse in sustainability of the environment, especially in neglected industrial areas. The aim is achieved by means of a principlebased approach: defining the meaning of adaptive reuse and its significance in a sustainable environment; then, evaluating sustainability factors among those neglected industrial buildings conserved by adaptive reuse. To gain an understanding of the issue, a ldquo;historical interpretation rdquo; research method relying on analytical description techniques was adopted and interviews through questionnaires were conducted with a variety of professors and students. The findings indicate that the concept of environmental sustainability is considered significantly in the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage of Iran. However, ecological aspects are neglected because of the buildings having low energy efficiency and not using renewable energies in the renovation process.