ﻧﻤﺎدﮔﺮایی ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻣﺎﻣﺖ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ در ﻧﻘﻮش ﺗﺰییناﺗﯽ اﻣﺎمزاده روﺷﻦآﺑﺎد ﮔﺮﮔﺎن

ﻧﻘﻮش ﻫﻨﺮ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ در ﻋﯿﻦ داراﺑﻮدن زیبایی ﺑﺼﺮی ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺰیینی ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ در ذات ﺧﻮد ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪی دارﻧﺪ. این ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ ﺣﮑﻤﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﻮد در ﻧﻤﺎدﭘﺮدازی، اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت زیادی دارد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮین آن ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ در آن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﯿﻮان ﮐﻤﺘﺮ دیده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺣﻀﻮر اﻧﺪک این ﻧﻘﻮش ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺠﺎل ﺧﻮدﻧﻤﺎیی یاﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﺎدی اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺷﺎره ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺧﺎﺻﯽ دارد. در ﺑﻨﺎی آراﻣﮕﺎﻫﯽ روﺷﻦآﺑﺎد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﻪای ﮐﻮﭼﮏ در ﮔﺮﮔﺎن اﺳﺖ، ﺣﻀﻮر ﺗﺼﺎویر ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﻧﺪه و ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻧﻘﺶﻣﺎیهﻫﺎی تزیینی، ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎدین ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ دارای ﻧﻘﻮش اﻧﺘﺰاﻋﯽ در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ و ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺧﺼﻠﺖﻫﺎی اﺳﻼﻣﯽ آن را ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ این اﺳﺎس ﺗﻼش ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﻤﺎدﮔﺮایی ﻧﻘﺶﻣﺎیهﻫﺎی ﺗﺰیینی ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﮑﻤﺖ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. این ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در آن از اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت اﺳﻨﺎدی و ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎی اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه در این ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺑﺎزﺗﺎب ﻋﻘﺎید ﻋﺎرﻓﺎﻧﻪ و ﺷﯿﻌﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻧﻤﺎدﻫﺎیی ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻣﺎﻣﺖ و راﻫﻨﻤﺎیی و دﺳﺘﮕﯿﺮی اﺷﺎره ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ، در ﻧﻘﻮش ﻧﻤﺎدین ﺑﻨﺎی روﺷﻦآﺑﺎد ﭘﺮرﻧﮓﺗﺮین دﺳﺘﺎویز ﺗزیینات ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ.

Symbolism of Shia Imamat Concept on Decorative Patterns of Imamzadeh Roshan Abad of Gorgan

Islamic art patterns have both visual beauty and symbolic values. Islamic art with its sublime wisdom in its symbolization has lots of possibilities that the most important tool of it, is geometry, but between the Islamic decorative motifs, the animal patterns are less visible. It seems the little presence of this figure in among of Islamic decorative motifs shows symbolism trend that points to special concept. In Roshan Abad building, figures like fish and bird attract attention and it seems are designed based on special concepts. Thus, in the present study, it is tried to study the symbolism of decorative motifs based on Islamic wisdom.This study is descriptivehistorical research and qualitatively analyzes the research information, direct observations, as well as library research are also used for data gathering.According to the results of the present study, it seems reflection of Shia and mystical ideas as symbols that insinuate to concepts like pontificate and guidance, is the most voucher in decorations of Roshan Abad building.