توسعه درونزای شهری و باز زنده سازی هویت شهری معماری اسلامی ایران

رشد جمعیت شهرهای بزرگ در کشور های در حال توسعه، دستگاه های مسئول در بخش تامین مسکن را بر آن داشته تا به دنبال راه حل های مطلوب در زمینه تامین مسکن شهری باشند. تجربیات کشورهایی مانند امریکا بعد از جنگ جهانی دوم از جمله اولین تجربیات از این دست هستند.در ایران طرح شهرک اکباتان و طرح مسکن مهر، هر یک در دوران خود در حومه شهرها جانمایی شده اند. مسئله اصلی پژوهش پیش رو بررسی پیامدهای نامناسب اجتماعی،فرهنگی و شهری ناشی از این حاشیه گستری شهری است. هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی پتانسیل های موجود در بافت های فرسوده و حائز اهمیت کالبدی در قلب شکل گیری شهر ها به منظور تامین مسکن و ایجاد سرزندگی فضایی در قالب شریان زندگی اجتماعی ودر مقایسه با مناطق حومه شهری است پژوهش با تکیه بر روش استدلالی و توصیفی به مقایسه منطقی عوامل مورد نظر پژوهش با طرح های توسعه مسکن مبتنی بر باز آفرینی بافت های فرسوده و حائز اهمیت درون شهری پرداخته است. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد عوامل نامناسب توسعه مسکن حاشیه شهری عبارتند از:1عدم مشارکت جمعی ساکنان2تقابل فرهنگی خانوارها3مشکلات دسترسی به شهرهای مبدا 4هزینه بالای تامین زیرساخت ها 5صعوبت مدیریت کلان6تقابل الگوهای زندگی7تاثیرات زیست محیطی نا مناسب 8نا امنی اجتماعی. همچنین عوامل مناسب انتخاب بافت فرسوده و حائز اهمیت درون شهری به منظور تامین مسکن ارزان قیمت عبارتند از:1 احیای بافت های مولد هسته اولیه شهری2 ایجاد تنوع فعالیت ها در مراکز تک فعالیتی3بالا بردن سطح امنیت4تقلیل هزینه طرح و امکان ایجاد طرح مکمل موازی5 سهولت مدیریت کلان6امکان توسعه طرح 7رشد ارزش اقتصادی بافت فرسوده8 کنترل رشد نامناسب شهر. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد که توسعه درونزای شهری در مقابل روش های متداول توسعه شهری در شهر های تاریخی مناسب تر است.

Endogenous versus Conventional Approach to Residential Development in Revitalize Urban Identity of Iranian Islamic Architecture

Population growth in large cities in under developing countries have been forced the governments that are responsible for the provision of housing units, to seek solutions in the sphere of urban housing are desirable. Extensive experience in various countries, including the United States of America in theyears after World War II, the sample debut experience of this, which in contemporary era have been tested. Ekbatan before the Islamic Revolution in Iran and the seal housing in the eighties and nineties such that each location during the suburbs are. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential of the Urban Distressed Areas and Urban structure important in shaping the city center, in order to provide housing and create a vitality of space in the form of social life, in contrast to the suburban areas. In this paper, a review of the Literature and the International Treaties in the field of Housing and Urban Development Strategy Documents, deals, also present paper studies the past two decades of experience in the field of Mass Housing, analyzes the positive achievements and negative consequences arising from the various policies. Finally, based on the research findings to develop theadvantages of sites within the city, especially urban distressed areas. In the upcoming strategy paper ldquo;rational argument rdquo; is used as a research strategy. This article is mostly ldquo;Descriptive and Analytical rdquo; is. In this paper, using the strategy of ldquo;Rational Argument rdquo; technique ldquo;Analyzers of the Content rdquo;, ldquo;reasonable inference rdquo;, and tries to classify content, and thus to develop a coherent way to achieve the target pave. The main issue of this study is to investigate the consequences of inappropriate social, cultural and urban development of the city outskirts, and relying on the ldquo;reasoning rdquo; description of the research and development projects based on the remaking of old and important housing within the cities logical. The results showed improper factors marginal urban housing development include: 1. Lack ofParticipation 2. Households Cultural Exchange 3. The problems of Access to the Towns of Origin 4. TheCost of Providing Infrastructure 5. The difficulty of Macro Management 6Conflict Patterns of Life 7. AdverseEnvironmental Effects 8. Social Insecurity It is also important factors in selected urban distressed areasand to provide affordable housing include 1. The Recovery of the Initial Nuclear Generating Urbanareas 2. Diversification of Activities in Single Activity Centers 3. Raising the Level of Security 4. The Costreduction and enables the Creation of Parallel Supplement 5. Easy of Macro Management 6. Abilityto Develop the Project 7. The Participation of Households rsquo; 8. Growth Economic Value of Historic Areas10. Control the Inappropriate Development of the City. The results show that the Endogenous versusConventional Approach to Residential Development in Historic Cities more appropriate.1. IntroductionWhy Population Growth and the need to Achieve LongTerm Solutions to the provision of housing, isthe main concern for metropolitan policy?Actions on housing supply in all countries and global macroeconomic management. Measures suchas the UN Conference on residential areas in June 1996 in Istanbul Turkey, issues of human settlementsdevelopment and management in the 21stcentury look. The projects under the United NationsHuman Settlements Program ldquo;UNHABITAT ldquo;The former United Nations Centre for Human Settlementswas called by the defense, setting policy, capacity building, knowledge creation and strengtheningpartnerships Governments and civil society to support the sustainable development of humansettlements. It is also responsible for the international community to help improve the lives of at leasthundred million slum dwellers Millennium Development Goal of reducing by half the proportion ofpeople without access to safe drinking water, permanent 2020 to fulfill. as part of the Declarationstated, ldquo;We have come together to take this opportunity and the global goals of rdquo; adequate shelter forall ldquo;and become human settlement safer, healthier, more capability for life, more equitable, sustainableand effective, we endorse. We have two major themes of the conference, ldquo;adequate shelter for all rdquo; this situation analyzed a large number of theories and approaches to urban planning and design withqualified, small and certain human scales within the scope of local community and the findings makethem far away from their own positive traditions and their appropriate native cultural identification.A historical survey on global experiences in policy making for neighborhood exceptional patternindicate the common problem of destroying selforiented social relations and a concept of collectivelife in such neighborhoods which undeniably cause to destroy the feeling of social cohesion andcontinually losing of social capital in neighborhood pattern. Also the existence of high populationwhich makes congested neighborhoods may lay suitable backgrounds for committing social crimesand damages which in turn directly influence the perception of the dwellers rsquo; security and safety.Studies conducted include two different textures of a neighborhood and the research process isbased on recognizing coherence between antisocial behavior and design variables in the pattern ofresidential neighborhood.In summary, the article studies two different textures in the selected neighborhood and comparethem to find the relation between the abnormal behavior and the type and pattern of the residentialplaces in there.Conclusion:Assessment of the neighborhood dwellers about their living places influences the level or extentof the achieving objectives and success in urban projects. Also by recognizing factors contributingon inhabitants rsquo; degree of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and understanding available conditionsregarding residence quality, the future approaches have been suggested for promoting the environmentqualitative level and prevention from a repetition of some inappropriate actions in other places.In the literature, satisfaction from environmental appearance has been considered as a key criterionfor the evaluation of the degree of environmental quality. This is due to the important fact that thehighquality environment is defined as an environment which brings the high level of satisfaction feelingsto its population through sociocultural and physical means.