کیفیت و کمیت آب در معماری مسکونی ایرانی

ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ روی ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮی ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایران ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻮاره راﺑﻄﻪ ای ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻗﻠﯿﻢ، ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ و ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ایران وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. یکی از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایران ﺟﺎیگاه ویژه ای داﺷﺘﻪ، ﻋﻨﺼﺮ آب اﺳﺖ. در این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ اﻗﻠﯿﻢﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایران، ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ روی ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﯿﺖ آب در ﺣﯿﺎط ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻋﻠﯽﻣﻘﺎیسه ای ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺪﻻل اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﯽ اﺳﺖ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت آن ﺑﻪ روش اﺳﻨﺎدی ﮔﺮدآوری و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻧﻈﺎم دار و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری 32 ﺧﺎﻧﻪ از ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایران در ﭼﻬﺎر اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ایران ﺑﻮد. ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮی این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮ این اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﻮار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایران داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی واﺑﺴﺘﻪ این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎیج این ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮی ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺣﻮض و ﺣﯿﺎط در ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ایران، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

Water Quality and Quantity in Iranian-Islamic Residential Architecture

A study on the foundations of the formation of residential houses in different cities of Iran shows that there has always been a direct relationship between the climate, nature and residential architecture of Iran. Water element is one of the important elements of nature that has a special place in the architecture of traditional Iranian homes. In this research, it has been attempted to study the impact of climatic factors on the quality and quantity of water in the yard by examining the proportions of the pool and the yard in the residential architecture of various climates in Iran. The research method of causal correlation is comparative with deductive reasoning and its information is collected and documented. The systematic random sampling method was used and the statistical population consists of 32 houses of traditional Iranian homes in four different climates of the country. The theoretical framework of this research is based on the fact that climatic factors play an important role in determining the proportions of the pond and the courtyard in traditional Iranian homes. Climatic factors, independent variables, and pond and yard proportions are dependent variables of this research. The results of this research show that the formation of pond and yard proportions in traditional Iranian homes has been influenced by the climatic factors of the region.