ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺛﺮ ﭘﻼن ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺻﻔﻮی ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن

در ﮔﺬر زﻣﺎن ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ایراﻧﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺗﻌﺪادﺗﺮین ﭘﻼن ﺑﻪﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ایراﻧﯽ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻓﺮﻣﯽ ﺧﺎص ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺳﺎیر ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﺮآیند ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ایراﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬیری آﻧﻬﺎ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﻓﺰون ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎززﻧﺪهﺳﺎزی ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻫﻮیت ﻓﺮاﻣﻮشﺷﺪه ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﮐﻬﻦ، ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬیری ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ را در ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﺮد. از ﺳﻮی دیگر ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از این ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪﺳﺎزیﻫﺎی اﻣﺮوزی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎی ﻃﻮﻟﯽ و ﻋﺮﺿﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎررﻓﺘﻪ در ﻓﺮمﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎﻏﯽ و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان دیگر در ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻮی رویکرد ﻣﻌﻤﺎری ﺑﻬﺸﺖ در ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮای ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦﺑﺎر ﻧﻘﺶ ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﻪ در ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغﻫﺎ را در ﭘﻼن ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﺮد و ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎیه داده ﻫﺎی ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای از یکﺳﻮ و داده ﻫﺎی ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ از ﺳﻮی دیگر ﻧﻬﺎدینه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ از زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﺑﻪ ویژﮔﯽ ﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﮑﺮارﺷﻮﻧﺪه در ﻓﺮآیند ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼن ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. این ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﻌﯽ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻫﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ را در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭘﻼنﻫﺎی ﺑﺎغﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در دوره ﺻﻔﻮی آﺷﮑﺎر ﺳﺎزد. در این ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ، ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ واژه ﻫﺎ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎیی اﻧﻮاع ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎ ویژﮔﯽﻫﺎی ﻣﺸﺘﺮک و ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت در ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎغﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎ آﺷﮑﺎر ﮐﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻃﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮض ﻓﻀﺎی ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢﺑﻨﺪی ﮐﺮتﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎی ﺻﻔﻮی اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﭼﻬﺎرﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎیﮐﻬﻦ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Analyzing the Effect of Chaharbagh’s Plan before Safavid Period on Designing Safavid Garden’s Plan in Isfahan

Several factors have affected the architectural design of Persian Gardens Over time. In the meantime, Chaharbaghs have been the most numerous plans among architecture of Iranian garden. Special features of Chaharbaghs form have affected on designing other gardens. By studying the process of analyzing of Iranian gardens, and their effectiveness from quartet structures, it is possible to renovate a part of the forgotten identity of ancient architecture and also analyze the way that geometric structures affected in gardens. On the other hand, these features can be used in today rsquo;s landscaping Designing. There is a direct relationship between length to width ratio of Chaharbaghs forms and designing Safavid garden rsquo;s plan in Esfahan. Other researchers in the division of Safavid garden rsquo;s plan have focused more on other factors such as spiritual meanings of heaven architecture approach in gardens. First, this research aimed to analyze the role of geometric features embedded in the plans lies in Safavid garden in Esfahan. This article is based on field data and library data. In this study, by implementation plan of Chaharbaghs from past until now, the repeating geometric features in the process of designing the plans will be discussed. This study aimed to reveal the effect of geometric features in Chaharbaghs on designing the plans of gardens in Safavid period. In this article, first the division of gardens will be discussed. After analyzing the words and identifying the various gardens, the common and different features in various types of gardens will be examined. Completed analyzing revealed that the ratio of length to width of the overall atmosphere in comparison to Crete in Safavid garden of Esfahan, repeated like the comparison of Ancient Chaharbagh.