کسب و کارهای مسئولانه: سنجش سطح مسئولیت پذیری زیست محیطی صاحبان اقامتگاه‌های بوم‌گردی مطالعه موردی: خراسان رضوی

ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮓ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻪ دوام ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎی اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه ﯾﺎ از ﭘﯿﺶ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎن اﻧﺪازه در ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺟﺬب ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. ﭼﺮاﮐﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯽ ت ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻫﻤﺎن ﻗﺪر ﮐﻪ در راه اﻧﺪازی ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪاوم ﺣﯿﺎت اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه در روﺳﺘﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی ﺑﻮم ﮔﺮدی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ 27 ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﻮم ﮔﺮدی در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮی ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ روش اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس داده ﻫﺎی ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﯾﻦ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ای ﺟﻤﻊ آوری و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ(ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ) ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از روش t-test، ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی ﺑﻮم ﮔﺮدی ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﺳﻄﺢ اﯾﺪه آﻟﯽ(ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 3) ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ای ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ در آزﻣﻮن t در دو ﮔﺮوه روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن و ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی ﺑﻮم ﮔﺮدی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ، اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان اﺷﺘﻐﺎل اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه(ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ، ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ، ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺤﻠﯽ)، درآﻣﺪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان و درﺟﻪ اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد دارد. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ، در آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎی ﺳﻦ، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت و ﺳﻄﺢ درآﻣﺪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی ﺑﻮم ﮔﺮدی ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ آن ﻫﺎ اﺛﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

Responsible Businesses: Measuring the environmental responsibility level of ecolodges Case Study: Khorasan Razavi

The owners of ecolodges as the main caretakers of tourism have a lot of responsibilities in business and providing services in accordance with environmental standards to tourists. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental responsibility of the owners of rural ecosystems. Therefore, the statistical population of the present study is 27 owners of ecolodges in Khorasan Razavi province. Based on the results of the twosample t tests, it was found that the villagers had more attention than the tourists. According to the correlation test, there was a significant relationship between environmental responsibility and employment (direct, indirect, local and nonlocal), income, number of tourists, and degree of residence. This means that the more employment created and the higher the income, the more homeowners will feel more responsible. Finally, linear regression test revealed that the variables of age, education and income level of the ecodwellers had an impact on their environmental responsibility.