Effect of a Supervised Exercise-Training Programme on Morbidity and Wellness of South African Hajj Pilgrims in 2018: A Pilot Study

Introduction: ill health and poor physical and mental conditioning adversely affects pilgrims’ ability to optimally perform the arduous physical rituals of hajj. we postulate that a supervised, pre-departure exercise programme improves their health status and may reduce morbidity. methods: ninety-three accredited pilgrims completed a 6-12 weeks graduated, supervised walking programme designed to get the participants fit to do a 10 km walk. assessments including a morbidity survey, a six-minute walk test, and a poms (profile of mood states) were conducted before and immediately after the exercise programme. a morbidity questionnaire, the six-minute walk test, and poms were completed post-hajj (n = 88). a group of 200 non-matched pilgrims who were not part of the exercise programme, were approached post-hajj to fill in the morbidity questionnaire, with eight-two responding. results: results for 88 participants were available with 13.7% reporting medical events during the hajj period, significantly less than the non-participants (62.2% of 82 respondents), and less when compared to other studies (up to 91%). the mean distance recorded in the six-minute walk test increased by 5% after the exercise programme (481.3 meters before to 506.3 m after) and 3% after hajj (520.7 m). similar positive changes in the poms were noted across the three time periods. the resting heart rate did not show significant changes. conclusion: this study shows that a supervised exercise programme for hajj pilgrims has a positive effect on their physical and mental conditioning, which may reduce morbidity. larger controlled trials are warranted to determine the optimum dose of exercise.