Mycotic Aneurysm of External Carotid Artery following Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Report and Review of Literature

Mycotic aneurysm of external carotid artery is extremely rare. we herein report a case of external carotid artery(eca) aneurysm following severe traumatic brain injury. a 24-year-old man with severe traumatic brain injury(tbi) following a car accident was referred to rajaee trauma center emergency room affiliated to shirazuniversity of medical sciences in shiraz, iran. he underwent ventriculostomy on arrival for intracerebralpressure (icp) monitoring and for a second time due to hydrocephalus following decompressive craniectomy.he developed fulminant meningitis and ventriculitis during his hospital course. a bulged pulsatile lesion underthe frontotemporal scalp resulted into the suspicion to underlying vascular pathology. six-vessel angiography ofbrain was done which revealed mycotic aneurysm of external carotid artery. the patient underwent a two-weekcourse of a combination of intravenous antibiotics. follow-up angiography was performed which confirmedsuccessful treatment of mycotic aneurysm of eca. mycotic aneurysm of eca is extremely rare. to ourknowledge, this is the first report of mycotic aneurysm of eca following severe tbi which was successfullytreated with antimicrobial therapy.