تجربه زیسته زنان سرپرست خانوار در مناسبات اجتماعی در شهر یاسوج

اﺧﯿﺮ ا آﻣﺎر ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ از زﻧﺎن، ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮان زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار رو ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰ اﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ. ا ﯾﻨﺎن در ﺗﺎر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾ ﺮ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ی ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪه دارﻧﺪ؛ آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬﯾ ﺮﺗﺮﻧﺪ و ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﯿ ﺸﺘﺮی دارﻧﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮی روﺷﯽ ﻣﺎﮐﺲوﻧﻤﻨﻦ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل واﮐﺎوی ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪزﯾ ﺴﺘﻪی ا ﯾﻦ زﻧﺎن در ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ آﻧﺎن اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻪ ا ﯾ ﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ زﯾﺴﺘﻪ11 زن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ، ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﻣﻮرد ﮐﺎوش ﻗﺮار داد . روش ﮔﺮدآوری دادهﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪی ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮاﻻت ﺑﺎز ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑُﻌﺪ رواﺑﻂ، ﻓﻀﺎ، زﻣﺎن و ﺑﺪن زﯾﺴﺘﻪی آﻧﺎن ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺑُﻌﺪ رواﺑﻂ، ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮ ای ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪﮔﯿﺮی و ﺑﺎزاﻧﺪﯾﺸﯽ راﺑﻄﻪﻫﺎ دو ﻣﺤﻮرِ اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ رواﺑﻂﺷﺎن را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ا ﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ از زﻧﺎن ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﻪ دﻻﯾﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ و ﺗﺮس از ﺳﻮءاﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﻼش ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ از دﯾﮕﺮان ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ و ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺪن در ﮐﺴﺐ ﺷﺮاﻓﺖ زن و ﺑﺪن ﻣﺤﻤﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ ای رﻓﻊ ﺣﺎﺟﺎت دو ﺳﻮﯾﻪی ﻣﺘﻀﺎدی ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ زﻧﺎنِ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ در ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﺘﻌﺎرض ﺑﺎ ﺑﺪن ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮﮔﺰ ﯾﺪه اﻧﺪ. در ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻓﻀﺎیزﯾﺴﺘﻪ، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﺷﻮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ا ﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ و ﻣﺴﻤﻮم ﺑﻮدن ﻓﻀﺎی زﻧﺪﮔ ﯽ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﯽ و ﻣﺠﺎزی، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺎرﺿﺎﯾﺘﯽ از ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺗﻬﯽ از اﻋﺘﻤﺎد، ﻣﺘﻔﻖاﻟﻘﻮﻟﻨﺪ . ﻣﺒﻬﻢ ﺑﻮدن زﻣﺎن و ﺷﺮط و ﺷﺮوﻃﯽ ﮐﻪ زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮ اﯾﺸﺎن ا ﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ، ﻣﺸﺨﺼﮥ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﮥ ﺑُﻌﺪ زﻣﺎن زﯾﺴﺘﻪی زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺷﻮد. زﻣﺎن ﺑﺮ اﯾﺸﺎن ﻣﺘﺰﻟﺰل وﻣﺸﺮوط اﺳﺖ؛ زﻧﺪه اﻧﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻣﯿﺪ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪاﻧﺸﺎن. اﻣﯿﺪاوارﻧﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮط ﮐﺎرﺷﺎن .

lived experience of women-headed of households in social relations in yasouj

among women, who make up almost half of every country’s human capital; a group of them are calledwomen heads of households . because they have more responsibility and are far more vulnerable; they need more knowledge. in this regard, the present study seeks to analyze the lived experience of this women in their social relations with the phenomenological method based on the max wenmann method. so 11 women were selected by purposive sampling method and in depth interviews. the results of the research are reported in four dimensions of relationships including: space, relationships, time and lived body. in dimension of lived relationships,trying to distance oneselfandrethinking relationshipsare the two main axes that cover these women’s relationships. in other word, the women who are their reasons such as lack of trust and communication in a new space, different relations experience.the importance of the body in gaining a woman’s dignityandthe body of a burden to meet needsare two opposing aspects that these women have chosen in their conflicting treatment of their bodies. the insecurity of the living space, along with other living conditions of these women, has made time more vague, conditional and indefinite for them than other human beings. thus, the life experience of this women in iran, along with a structural and inherent contradiction within themselves, has given themconflicting relationships and unstable relationships.so that mistrust, instability and poisoning of space and relationships is a common concern of all women heads of households.