بررسی پیکره بنیاد خطاهای نگارشی فارسی آموزان عرب زبان سطح پیشرفته در چارچوب دستور خطّ فارسی

در دهه های اخیر با خیل سفر غیرفارسی‌زبانان به ایران و آشنایی هرچه بیشتر آنها با فرهنگ و تمدن ایرانی- اسلامی روبه رو هستیم. در این میان، آمار دانشجویان عرب زبان مشغول به تحصیل در دانشگاه های ایران نیز قابل‌توجه است. لذا در این پژوهش سعی بر آن بوده است ساختار نگارشی فارسی آموزان عرب زبان سطح پیشرفته از منظری پیکره بنیاد بررسی شود تا اشکالات املایی و فنّی موجود در تولیدات نوشتاری آنها، بر اساس دستورالعمل نگارش مصوّب فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی مشخص شود. برای دستیابی به این هدف ابتدا پیکره ای از 151 انشاء فارسی آموزان عرب زبان از کشور عراق که در آزمون بسندگی زبان فارسی دانشگاه بین المللی امام رضا علیه السلام شرکت کرده بودند آماده شد. این پیکره شامل 32096 نمونه است که از 3234 نوع تشکیل شده است. سپس به کمک نرم افزار وُرداسمیت، فراوانی واژه های موجود در انشاءها استخراج شد. با روش تحلیل محتوا اشکالات املایی/سبکی، خطای حذف نیم فاصله، خطاهای حذف فاصله، خطای درج فاصله، سرهم نویسی و جدانویسی بررسی شد. یافته ها نشان داد بیشترین خطا در حوزه درج فاصله بود و حذف نیم فاصله، اشکالات املائی/ سبکی و خطای سرهم‌نویسی در رده های بعدی و همچنین جدانویسی در مرتبه آخر قرار داشت و درنهایت هیچ مورد اشتباه در حوزه حذف فاصله به چشم نخورد. همچنین خطاهایی با منشا درون زبانی که خطاهای یادگیری و رشد زبان دوم بودند سهم به سزایی در تعیین منشا بروز خطاها داشت.

a corpus-based analysis of orthographic errors of arabic persian learners at the advanced level in the framework of persian script instruction

in recent decades, a growing number of non-persian speakers have been visiting iran, eager to gain a deeper understanding of iranian culture and civilization. simultaneously, there has been a notable influx of arabic-speaking students enrolling in iranian universities. therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to examine the persian writing structure of advanced-level arabic language learners from the corpus-based perspective. the study aims to discern spelling and technical errors in their written works, adhering to the writing guidelines established by the persian language and literature academy. to achieve this objective, a corpus consisting of 151 persian essays from arab learners from iraq, who underwent the persian proficiency test at imam reza international university, was compiled. the corpus consists of 3234 types and 32096 samples. utilizing the wordsmith software, word frequencies were extracted from the essays. employing content analysis, the study scrutinized various error types, including spelling/stylistic errors, semi-space deletion errors, space deletion errors, space insertion errors, cross-typing, and separate writing. the findings highlighted that the most prevalent errors were in the category of space insertion, followed by semi-space deletion errors, spelling/stylistic errors, and spelling errors. separate writing exhibited the lowest occurrence, with no errors identified in the category of space deletion. the analysis revealed that these errors predominantly originated from intra-language factors, specifically second-language learning and developmental errors.extended abstract:introductionin recent decades, we have been encountering many non-persian speakers travelling to iran and gaining more knowledge about iranian culture and civilization. notably, in 2018, before the coronavirus outbreak, iraqis surpassed visitors from all other nations in their travels to iran, a fact substantiated by statistics from the ministry of cultural heritage, tourism, and handicrafts.beyond tourism, there has been a notable influx of arabic-speaking students enrolling in iranian universities. to accommodate this, various centers dedicated to teaching persian to non-native speakers are actively engaged. these centers focus on developing proficiency in the four essential language skills-reading, listening, writing, and speaking as well as imparting knowledge of persian script.the teaching of persian script is driven by the dual purpose of honoring the essence of the persian language and safeguarding its official script status in iran. recognized as the official language and script of the country, the persian script holds significance not only for iranians but also plays a crucial role in presenting the history of iranian culture and civilization to foreigners. according to the fifteenth article of the constitution of the islamic republic of iran, the persian script is mandated for all official documents, correspondences, and textbooks. this necessitates the establishment of clear rules to ensure uniformity and preservation of the persian script’s integrity. the academy of persian language and literature, fulfilling its duty to protect the persian language and script, has issued a comprehensive set of guidelines titled &persian script instructions& to regulate and maintain the essence of the persian script.this research delves into an analysis of orthographic errors made by 151 non-native persian language learners, specifically iraqi participants in the persian language proficiency test conducted by imam reza international university. this examination is conducted within the framework set by the persian language and literature academy.considering the contemporary emphasis on objective linguistic data in research and the pivotal role of corpora in linguistic studies, this research adopts the use of linguistic corpora for data analysis. recognizing the effectiveness of corpora in second language teaching, this approach enables language teachers to observe and assess the learning process of language learners. methodology this research focuses on 151 non-native persian language learners, primarily from iraq, who took part in the persian language proficiency test at imam reza international university. the aim is to assess their proficiency in persian for pursuing master’s degree studies.in the next step, the compositions have been typed. then, to enable computer processing, the formatted typesetting file was converted to a text file through the web-based software espoz. after that, using wordsmith corpus analysis software, a list of words was prepared, including the frequency of each word along with its percentage and also the dispersion of each word in the entire text was determined.