رهبری امام خمینی (ره) در دفاع مقدس مبتنی بر گفتمان فرهنگی شباهت محور

The leadership of imam khomeini (rah.) in the sacred defense based on the resemblance-oriented cultural discoursedr. mohammad shafieefarassistant professor of political science, tehran universitymohammad alvandicorresponding author: ph.d. candidate, tehran university today, what military experts consider in their analysis of battles and what determines their approach to war is the existing hardware elements utilized in confronting the enemy. according to this approach, every country has a definite hardware capacity and the battlefield decisions are made on the basis of a set of explicit and extrinsic national interests, predetermined preferences and logical procedures. dealing with the sacred defense in terms of this approach blocks our analysis as, according to the realistic approach, a nation which does not have the same amount of hardware potential as its enemy has no option but to surrender. however, iran managed to win the war although the iraqi full-fledged assault was carried out by making use of international military capabilities. one of the genuine factors which facilitates our analysis of the sacred defense is to consider the potential of islam and the leadership of the islamic community to mobilize the people and attract their voluntary participation as the main pillar of defense known as manpower. imam khomeini (rah.), as the leader of the islamic revolution during the imposed war, attempted to instill a new identity in iranians by trying to bear resemblance to ahlul bayt (a.s.) in behavior and to form a new scope and geography in islamic campaign which guaranteed people’s presence in war fronts. he accomplished all this by making use of the existing potentials in islamic teachings and generating a cultural discourse based on the genuine elements of the islamic teachings such as the culture of ashura, the battle of uhud, the prophet and ahlul bayt’s (a.s.) tolerance of hardships and difficulties in battles and the ethical elements and teachings of islam. following the example of ahlul bayt (a.s.) and trying to bear resemblance to them and their loyal followers in behavior during war time, imam khomeini (rah.) attempted to persuade the iranian muslims to attend the war fronts so that he could guide people by having them follow the genuine teachings of islam and manage the war on the basis of this discourse. representing the cultural elements utilized by imam khomeini (rah.) to create the resemblance-oriented cultural discourse, this paper seeks to explore the nature and role of this discourse in leading the battle arena. keywords: imam khomeini’s (rah.) leadership, the sacred defense, resemblance-oriented cultural discourse, ahlul bayt (a.s.).